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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 3, 2026

Catheter Ablation in Combination With Left Atrial Appendage Closure for Atrial Fibrillation
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Left atrial appendage closure guided by 3D computed tomography printing technology: A case control study.

Michele Conti1, Stefania Marconi1, Giuseppe Muscogiuri2

  • 1Department of Civil Engineering and Architecture, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy.

Journal of Cardiovascular Computed Tomography
|November 4, 2018
PubMed
Summary

3D printing of the left atrial appendage (LAA) improves device sizing for LAA occlusion (LAAO), potentially reducing LAA leaks. This advanced imaging technique offers valuable insights beyond standard measurements.

Keywords:
3D printing technologyAtrial fibrillationPercutaneous left atrial appendage closure

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Medical Imaging
  • Biomedical Engineering

Background:

  • Left atrial appendage (LAA) occlusion (LAAO) is a key procedure for stroke prevention.
  • Accurate device sizing is crucial to prevent LAA leaks post-procedure.
  • Standard sizing methods may not fully capture LAA complex anatomy.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the added value of 3D printing of the LAA from computed tomography (CCT) for LAAO device sizing.
  • To compare 3D printing sizing with standard measurements using LAA leak occurrence as the endpoint.

Main Methods:

  • A comparative study involving 6 patients with LAA leak (cases) and 14 controls without LAA leak after LAAO.
  • Patient-specific 3D printed LAA models were created from pre-operative CCT images.
  • Device size recommended by 3D models was compared to the implanted device size.

Main Results:

  • 3D printing underestimated device size in 55% of cases, overestimated in 10%, and agreed with standard sizing in 35%.
  • A significantly higher prevalence of LAA leak was observed in patients whose device size was underestimated by the standard approach (p=0.019).

Conclusions:

  • 3D printing of the LAA offers supplementary value for LAAO device sizing.
  • This technique has the potential to decrease the incidence of LAA leaks.
  • 3D printing may enhance procedural success and patient outcomes in LAAO.