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Hormones and Muscle Atrophy.

Ana Isabel Martín1, Teresa Priego1, Asunción López-Calderón2

  • 1Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain.

Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology
|November 4, 2018
PubMed
Summary

The endocrine system significantly impacts muscle metabolism and mass. Hormonal imbalances, particularly from anabolic and catabolic factors, contribute to muscle atrophy in various diseases and conditions.

Keywords:
AndrogensGHGhrelinGlucocorticoidsHormonesIGF-IInsulinLeptinTestosteroneThyroid hormones

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Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Muscle Metabolism
  • Physiology

Background:

  • The endocrine system is crucial for regulating muscle metabolism.
  • Key hormones like growth hormone (GH), insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I), and androgens act as anabolic factors influencing muscle mass.
  • Glucocorticoids, conversely, exhibit catabolic effects, leading to muscle protein loss.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the role of the endocrine system in the development of muscle atrophy.
  • To highlight how hormonal changes contribute to muscle wasting in various physiological and pathological states.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review focusing on endocrine regulation of skeletal muscle.
  • Analysis of hormonal influences in conditions associated with muscle atrophy.

Main Results:

  • Muscle wasting is linked to systemic responses to fasting, diseases (cancer, sepsis, organ failure), and trauma.
  • Specific muscle atrophy can result from denervation, immobilization, or inactivity, all involving altered endocrine environments.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding the endocrine system's role in muscle atrophy is vital.
  • Knowledge of hormonal regulation can pave the way for developing targeted, hormone-mediated therapies for muscle wasting conditions.