Related Experiment Video
Updated: Feb 3, 2026
10:07
Identification of Post-translational Modifications of Plant Protein Complexes
Published on: February 22, 2014
24.6K
Post-translational modifications of serotonin transporter
Anthonya Cooper1, Donna Woulfe2, Fusun Kilic1
1Departments of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, USA.
Pharmacological Research
|November 6, 2018
Summary
Post-translational modifications enhance serotonin transporter (SERT) function. Diabetes mellitus alters these modifications, impairing serotonin uptake and SERT efficiency.
Area of Science:
- Biochemistry
- Molecular Biology
- Neuroscience
Background:
- The serotonin transporter (SERT) is crucial for regulating serotonin levels.
- SERT is an oligomeric glycoprotein with complex N-linked glycosylation.
- Post-translational modifications (PTMs) are vital for protein function.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the PTMs of SERT.
- To elucidate the impact of PTMs on SERT structure, maturation, and function.
- To examine how diabetes mellitus affects SERT PTMs and serotonin uptake.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of in vivo and in vitro studies.
- Analysis of research on SERT structure and function.
- Examination of studies investigating SERT in diabetes models.
Main Results:
- Multiple PTMs, including glycosylation and phosphorylation, optimize SERT conformation and efficiency.
- These modifications are essential for proper SERT maturation and serotonin (5-HT) transport.
- Diabetes mellitus is associated with altered SERT PTMs, leading to impaired 5-HT uptake.
Conclusions:
- SERT function is highly dependent on diverse post-translational modifications.
- Altered PTMs in diabetes mellitus negatively impact SERT's ability to transport serotonin.
- Understanding these modifications offers insights into SERT regulation and disease-related dysfunction.
Related Concept Videos
01:27Post-translational Translocation of Proteins to the RER
7.7K
A sizable fraction of proteins destined for ER are first synthesized in the cell cytosol and then transported across the ER membrane–a process called post-translational translocation. Similar to cotranslationally translocated proteins, these proteins also use the Sec translocon complex to enter the ER lumen.
Targeting proteins to the ER
Hsp40 and Hsp70 chaperone molecules bind the translated proteins in the cytosol to prevent their folding. The chaperone binding helps to keep the signal...
Targeting proteins to the ER
Hsp40 and Hsp70 chaperone molecules bind the translated proteins in the cytosol to prevent their folding. The chaperone binding helps to keep the signal...
7.7K
01:31Translation
156.4K
Lesson: Translation
Translation is the process of synthesizing proteins from the genetic information carried by messenger RNA (mRNA). Following transcription, it constitutes the final step in the expression of genes. This process is carried out by ribosomes, complexes of protein and specialized RNA molecules. Ribosomes, transfer RNA (tRNA), and other proteins produce a chain of amino acids—the polypeptide—as the end product of translation.
Translation Produces the Building Blocks of...
Translation is the process of synthesizing proteins from the genetic information carried by messenger RNA (mRNA). Following transcription, it constitutes the final step in the expression of genes. This process is carried out by ribosomes, complexes of protein and specialized RNA molecules. Ribosomes, transfer RNA (tRNA), and other proteins produce a chain of amino acids—the polypeptide—as the end product of translation.
Translation Produces the Building Blocks of...
156.4K
01:31Translation
17.8K
Translation is the process of synthesizing proteins from the genetic information carried by messenger RNA (mRNA). Following transcription, it constitutes the final step in the expression of genes. This process is carried out by ribosomes, complexes of protein and specialized RNA molecules. Ribosomes, transfer RNA (tRNA), and other proteins produce a chain of amino acids—the polypeptide—as the end product of translation.
Translation Produces the Building Blocks of Life
Proteins are...
Translation Produces the Building Blocks of Life
Proteins are...
17.8K
02:32Histone Modification
16.1K
The histone proteins have a flexible N-terminal tail extending out from the nucleosome. These histone tails are often subjected to post-translational modifications such as acetylation, methylation, phosphorylation, and ubiquitination. Particular combinations of these modifications form “histone codes” that influence the chromatin folding and tissue-specific gene expression.
Acetylation
The enzyme histone acetyltransferase adds acetyl group to the histones. Another enzyme, histone...
Acetylation
The enzyme histone acetyltransferase adds acetyl group to the histones. Another enzyme, histone...
16.1K
02:22Regulated mRNA Transport
7.0K
In eukaryotes, transcription and translation are compartmentalized; an mRNA is first synthesized in the nucleus and then selectively transported to the cytoplasm for protein synthesis. Before transport, a pre-mRNA undergoes several steps of post-transcriptional modifications including splicing, 5' capping, and the addition of a poly-adenine tail. Various proteins bind to the pre-mRNA during these modifications. The mRNA transport takes place with the help of multiple proteins playing...
7.0K
02:33Initiation of Translation
39.0K
Initiating translation is complex because it involves multiple molecules. Initiator tRNA, ribosomal subunits, and eukaryotic initiation factors (eIFs) are all required to assemble on the initiation codon of mRNA. This process consists of several steps that are mediated by different eIFs.
First, the initiator tRNA must be selected from the pool of elongator tRNAs by eukaryotic initiation factor 2 (eIF2). The initiator tRNA (Met-tRNAi) has conserved sequence elements including modified bases at...
First, the initiator tRNA must be selected from the pool of elongator tRNAs by eukaryotic initiation factor 2 (eIF2). The initiator tRNA (Met-tRNAi) has conserved sequence elements including modified bases at...
39.0K