Related Experiment Video
Updated: Feb 3, 2026
08:25
Voltage and Calcium Dual Channel Optical Mapping of Cultured HL-1 Atrial Myocyte Monolayer
Published on: March 23, 2015
10.8K
Multipoint vertical-Thomson scattering diagnostic on HL-2A tokamak
1Southwestern Institute of Physics, P.O. Box 432, Chengdu 610041, China.
The Review of Scientific Instruments
|November 8, 2018
Summary
Advancements in multipoint Thomson scattering (TS) diagnostics for HL-2A tokamak experiments have improved hardware and laser alignment. This enables precise measurements of plasma electron temperature and density in upcoming campaigns.
Area of Science:
- * Fusion energy research
- * Plasma physics diagnostics
- * Tokamak experimental analysis
Background:
- * Development of multipoint Thomson scattering (TS) diagnostic for HL-2A tokamak.
- * Need for improved signal processing and laser alignment for accurate plasma measurements.
Purpose of the Study:
- * To enhance the multipoint Thomson scattering diagnostic system for HL-2A.
- * To enable 15-point measurements of plasma electron temperature and density.
Main Methods:
- * Improved silicon avalanche photodiode detector electronics with two output channels.
- * Motorized stages for precise laser beam alignment through narrow divertor throats.
- * Installation of new fast digitizer modules with over 100 channels.
Main Results:
- * Successful testing of new electronics, obtaining TS signals from both channels.
- * Reduced stray laser light through improved beam alignment.
- * Digitization of signals using 12-bit transient recorders at 1 GS/s.
Conclusions:
- * The enhanced TS diagnostic system is ready for operation in the upcoming HL-2A campaign.
- * The improvements pave the way for detailed plasma characterization.
- * This advancement supports progress in tokamak physics experiments.
Related Concept Videos
01:21Joule-Thomson Effect
9.6K
The Joule-Thomson effect, also known as the Joule-Kelvin effect, describes the temperature change of a fluid when it is forced through a valve or porous plug while keeping it in a thermally insulated environment. This experiment is called a throttling process. This is an important effect widely used in refrigeration and the liquefaction of gases.
This experiment forces high-pressure gas through a throttle valve or a porous plug to a lower-pressure region. The gas expands as it passes through to...
This experiment forces high-pressure gas through a throttle valve or a porous plug to a lower-pressure region. The gas expands as it passes through to...
9.6K
01:19Thomson's e/m Experiment
6.8K
In a beam of charged particles created by a heated cathode, the particles move at different speeds. However, many applications need a beam with uniform particle speeds. An arrangement known as a velocity selector uses electric and magnetic fields to pick particles with a particular speed from the beam.
A particle with charge q, speed v, and mass m enters an area from the top, where the magnetic and electric fields are perpendicular both to the particle's motion and to one another. The magnetic...
A particle with charge q, speed v, and mass m enters an area from the top, where the magnetic and electric fields are perpendicular both to the particle's motion and to one another. The magnetic...
6.8K
01:23Vertical Curve: Problem Solving
495
Vertical curves provide the transition between two roadway grades, ensuring safety, comfort, and functionality. Calculating elevations at specific stations along the curve involves several systematic steps based on the curve's geometry and provided design parameters.The vertical curve is defined by its length, grades, Point of Vertical Intersection (P.V.I.) location, and P.V.I. elevation. The stations of the Point of Vertical Curvature (P.V.C.), where the curve begins, and the Point of Vertical...
495
01:24Introduction to Vertical Curves
592
Vertical curves are parabolic transitions that connect different grades on highways and railroads, ensuring a smooth alignment between back and forward tangents. The back tangent represents the initial grade, while the forward tangent defines the subsequent grade. These curves can be symmetrical, with equal tangent lengths, or nonsymmetrical, with varying lengths. The key points defining a vertical curve include the Point of Vertical Intersection (P.V.I.), where the tangents meet; the Point of...
592
01:15Scatter Plot
11.4K
The most common and easiest way to display the relationship between two variables, x and y, is a scatter plot. A scatter plot shows the direction of a relationship between the variables. A clear direction happens when there is either:
11.4K
01:20Elevation of Intermediate Points on Vertical Curves
290
Vertical curves are essential in roadway design because they provide smooth transitions between varying roadway grades. Designing vertical curves involves calculating intermediate elevations and identifying the curve's highest or lowest point, which is essential for optimal roadway performance.Intermediate elevations on a vertical curve are determined using the tangent offset method. This method considers the initial elevation at the start of the curve, the grades, and the curve's geometry. The...
290