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Updated: Feb 3, 2026

Intraoperative Ultrasound in Spinal Surgery
Published on: August 17, 2022
Plastic Surgery for Women
Michelle M De Souza1, Andrea D Jewell2, Samuel N Grief3
1Department of Plastic Surgery, University of Kansas School of Medicine, 3901 Rainbow Boulevard, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA.
Abstract:
Plastic surgery is a broad field, including maxillofacial surgery, reconstruction after injuries, hand surgery, and skin flaps and grafts, but the most common procedures for women are liposuction and body contouring, breast surgery, and facial cosmetic procedures. Techniques of face and brow lifts, blepharoplasty, and rhinoplasty are discussed as well as botulinum toxin and filler injections, and laser and pulsed light techniques that may delay or eliminate the need for surgery. Comparison of the surgeries for breast reconstruction, reduction, augmentation, and mastopexy is discussed. New surgeries for enhancement of female genitalia are also examined.
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