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Related Concept Videos

Equivalent Capacitance01:19

Equivalent Capacitance

709
From the study of resistive circuits, it is understood that employing a series-parallel combination serves as an effective strategy for simplifying circuits. Capacitors can be arranged within a circuit in one of two ways: a series configuration or a parallel configuration. The way these capacitors are connected to a battery will influence both the potential drop across each individual capacitor and the size of the charge that each capacitor can store. This is determined by the specific type of...
709
Equivalent Capacitance01:19

Equivalent Capacitance

2.2K
Multiple capacitors can be connected in a circuit in series or parallel configuration. When the capacitor combination is connected to a battery, the potential drop across each capacitor and the magnitude of charge stored in the individual capacitor depends on the type of the connection. The capacitor combination is replaced by a single equivalent capacitor that stores the same amount of charge as the combination for a given potential difference.
The following strategies are adopted to calculate...
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Capacitors and Capacitance01:18

Capacitors and Capacitance

9.4K
A device consisting of two electrical conductors that are separated by a distance and used to store electrical charges is called a capacitor. The space between the conductors is either a vacuum or an insulating material, called a dielectric. Capacitors have many applications, ranging from filtering static from radio reception to energy storage in heart defibrillators.
When the conductors are two identical parallel plates, it is called a parallel plate capacitor. When battery terminals are...
9.4K
Spin–Spin Coupling: Two-Bond Coupling (Geminal Coupling)01:20

Spin–Spin Coupling: Two-Bond Coupling (Geminal Coupling)

1.7K
Two NMR-active nuclei bonded to a central atom can be involved in geminal or two-bond coupling. Geminal coupling is commonly seen between diastereotopic protons in chiral molecules and unsymmetrical alkenes, among others.
The central atom need not be NMR-active because its electrons are affected by the electron polarization of the spin-active atoms. However, spin information is transmitted less effectively than in one-bond coupling, and 2J values are usually weaker than 1J values. The energy of...
1.7K
Spin–Spin Coupling: Three-Bond Coupling (Vicinal Coupling)01:22

Spin–Spin Coupling: Three-Bond Coupling (Vicinal Coupling)

1.5K
Vicinal or three-bond coupling is commonly observed between protons attached to adjacent carbons. Here, nuclear spin information is primarily transferred via electron spin interactions between adjacent C‑H bond orbitals. This generally favors the antiparallel arrangement of spins, so 3J values are usually positive.
The extent of coupling depends on the C‑C bond length, the two H‑C‑C angles, any electron-withdrawing substituents, and the dihedral angle between the involved orbitals. The...
1.5K
Design Example: Capacitance Multiplier Circuit01:20

Design Example: Capacitance Multiplier Circuit

1.5K
In integrated circuit technology, a capacitance multiplier is often utilized to produce a larger capacitance value when a small physical capacitance falls short. This is achieved by a circuit that multiplies capacitance values by a factor of up to 1000, such that a 10-pF capacitor can replicate the performance of a 100-nF capacitor.
The circuit illustrated in Figure 1 below incorporates two op-amps, with the first operating as a voltage follower and the second acting as an inverting amplifier.
1.5K

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Related Experiment Video

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Nanostructured Ag-zeolite Composites as Luminescence-based Humidity Sensors
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A CMOS MEMS Humidity Sensor Enhanced by a Capacitive Coupling Structure.

Jian-Qiu Huang1, Baoye Li2, Wenhao Chen3

  • 1Key Laboratory of MEMS of the Ministry of Education, Southeast University, Sipailou 2, Nanjing 210096, China. hjq@seu.edu.cn.

Micromachines
|November 9, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A novel capacitive coupling structure enhances microelectromechanical system (MEMS) humidity sensor performance. This design improves static and dynamic properties, offering higher sensitivity and faster response times for accurate humidity detection.

Keywords:
CMOS MEMScapacitive humidity sensorcoupling electrodenanowires

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Electrical Engineering
  • Nanotechnology

Background:

  • Capacitive humidity sensors based on complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) are crucial for environmental monitoring.
  • Improving the sensitivity, response time, and stability of these sensors is an ongoing research objective.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and evaluate a novel capacitive coupling structure for enhancing the performance of CMOS MEMS humidity sensors.
  • To investigate the impact of silver nanowire-based coupling electrodes and a thinner sensitive layer on sensor characteristics.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of a capacitive humidity sensor using a post-CMOS process.
  • Integration of silver nanowires onto a conventional interdigitated capacitive structure to create a coupling electrode.
  • Utilizing a thinner sensitive layer to increase coupling capacitance.

Main Results:

  • The developed capacitive coupling structure significantly improved both static and dynamic sensor properties.
  • At 25 °C, the sensor exhibited a sensitive capacitance of 11.3 pF, a sensitivity of 32.8 fF/%RH, and low hysteresis (1.0 %RH).
  • The sensor demonstrated a fast response time of 10 s, a recovery time of 17 s, and a low temperature coefficient.

Conclusions:

  • The proposed capacitive coupling structure effectively enhances the performance of CMOS MEMS humidity sensors.
  • The use of silver nanowires and a thinner sensitive layer leads to improved sensitivity, faster dynamics, and reduced hysteresis.
  • This advancement holds promise for next-generation high-performance humidity sensing applications.