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Progress Toward Poliomyelitis Eradication - Pakistan, January 2017-September 2018
MMWR. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report
|November 9, 2018
Summary
Wild poliovirus type 1 (WPV1) transmission persists in Pakistan despite reduced case numbers. Continued WPV1 environmental surveillance highlights ongoing challenges in core reservoir areas, necessitating improved vaccination strategies.
Area of Science:
- Public Health
- Virology
- Epidemiology
Background:
- Wild poliovirus type 1 (WPV1) is the only remaining serotype causing polio globally.
- Pakistan, Afghanistan, and Nigeria are the last countries with ongoing WPV1 transmission.
- WPV1 transmission has not been interrupted in Pakistan since 2012.
Purpose of the Study:
- To document Pakistan's polio eradication activities and progress from January 2017 to September 2018.
- To update previous reports on WPV1 transmission and control efforts in Pakistan.
Main Methods:
- Review of WPV1 case data and environmental surveillance findings.
- Analysis of supplemental immunization activities (SIAs) and vaccination strategies.
- Focus on community-based vaccination and transit point vaccination.
Main Results:
- Reported WPV1 cases decreased from 20 in 2016 to eight in 2017.
- As of September 2018, four WPV1 cases were reported, compared to five in the same period of 2017.
- WPV1 was regularly detected in environmental surveillance in Karachi, Quetta, and Peshawar, indicating persistent transmission.
Conclusions:
- Significant progress has been made in reducing WPV1 cases in Pakistan.
- Persistent WPV1 transmission in key areas necessitates enhanced programmatic improvements.
- Targeted interventions in underperforming subdistricts are crucial for polio eradication.
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