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Primary motor cortex crucial for action prediction: A tDCS study.

Riccardo Paracampo1, Mirella Montemurro2, Manuel de Vega3

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Cortex; a Journal Devoted to the Study of the Nervous System and Behavior
|November 9, 2018
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Summary

Cathodal transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) over the motor cortex (M1) impaired action prediction, suggesting M1

Keywords:
Action observation networkAction predictionNon-invasive brain stimulationPrimary motor cortexTranscranial direct current stimulation

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Motor Control
  • Cognitive Neuroscience

Background:

  • The action observation network predicts actions.
  • The motor cortex (M1) may play a role in action prediction.
  • Causal evidence for M1's role in action prediction is lacking.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the causal role of M1 in action prediction.
  • To determine if M1 is essential for accurate predictions of observed human actions.

Main Methods:

  • Used offline monopolar transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS).
  • Administered 15-min of anodal or cathodal currents (1 or 2 mA) over left M1.
  • Tested healthy participants on action prediction (AP) and non-human prediction (NP) tasks.

Main Results:

  • 2 mA cathodal tDCS over M1 selectively impaired AP task accuracy.
  • No impairment was observed in the NP task or with other tDCS parameters/sites.
  • This indicates task-, polarity-, intensity-, and site-specific effects.

Conclusions:

  • M1 is functionally relevant for accurate predictions of human actions.
  • Specific tDCS parameters (2 mA cathodal) can modulate M1's role in action prediction.
  • Highlights the motor system's contribution to understanding observed actions.