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Ridge augmentation using solid and porous hydroxylapatite particles with and without autogenous bone or plaster.

J W Frame, P G Rout, R M Browne

    Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery : Official Journal of the American Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
    |September 1, 1987
    PubMed
    Summary

    Porous hydroxylapatite (HA) particles promoted significant bone ingrowth in dog jaw augmentation. Solid HA particles and additives like bone or plaster showed less bone formation, with some bone resorption observed.

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    Area of Science:

    • Biomaterials Science
    • Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
    • Regenerative Medicine

    Background:

    • Dental implantology faces challenges with bone regeneration in edentulous areas.
    • Hydroxylapatite (HA) is a commonly used bone graft material.
    • Optimizing HA particle characteristics for enhanced bone ingrowth is crucial.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To evaluate the efficacy of solid versus porous hydroxylapatite (HA) particles for jaw augmentation in dogs.
    • To assess the influence of autogenous bone and plaster of paris as additives to HA.
    • To determine the long-term stability and bone integration of augmented jaw ridges.

    Main Methods:

    • Edentulous dog jaw segments were augmented with solid or porous HA particles, alone or combined with autogenous bone or plaster of paris.

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  • Histological analysis was performed after 24 weeks to assess bone ingrowth and material integration.
  • Clinical evaluation of ridge stability and mucosal health was conducted.

    • Main Results:

    • Porous HA particles resulted in significantly greater bone ingrowth compared to solid HA particles.
    • New bone formation was primarily observed adjacent to the existing alveolar bone.
    • Autogenous bone addition did not enhance bone deposition, and chips showed no survival.
    • Plaster of paris did not impede healing, and new bone formation was comparable to other groups.
    • Underlying cortical bone resorption was noted in several specimens.

    Conclusions:

    • Porous hydroxylapatite particles are superior to solid particles for promoting bone ingrowth in jaw augmentation.
    • The addition of autogenous bone or plaster of paris does not significantly improve bone regeneration with HA.
    • Further research into HA particle porosity may optimize outcomes for dental bone grafting procedures.