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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 2, 2026

Visualization and Analysis of Blood Flow and Oxygen Consumption in Hepatic Microcirculation: Application to an Acute Hepatitis Model
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Diagnostic histochemistry in hepatic pathology.

Julia C Iezzoni1

  • 1Division of Surgical Pathology and Cytopathology, Department of Pathology, University of Virginia Health System, P.O. Box 800214, Charlottesville, VA 22908, United States.

Seminars in Diagnostic Pathology
|November 10, 2018
PubMed
Summary

Histochemistry is crucial for diagnosing liver diseases by analyzing connective tissue, fat, iron, copper, and amyloid deposits in biopsies. Special stains aid in differentiating benign from malignant liver tumors.

Keywords:
AmyloidCarbohydrate stainsConnective tissue stainsHepatic pathologyHistochemistryStains for elemental metals

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Area of Science:

  • Histopathology
  • Medical Diagnostics
  • Liver Disease Research

Background:

  • Histochemistry plays a vital role in evaluating liver biopsies and surgical specimens.
  • Various staining techniques are essential for identifying specific liver pathologies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the diagnostic utility of histochemical stains in liver assessment.
  • To demonstrate how different stains aid in diagnosing a spectrum of liver conditions.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing Masson trichrome, Snook reticulin, and other stains for connective tissue.
  • Employing fat stains on frozen sections for allograft biopsies.
  • Applying iron, copper, and carbohydrate stains (e.g., Perls', rhodanine, PAS).
  • Using Congo red or crystal violet for amyloid detection.
  • Assessing reticulin framework with Snook stain for neoplasm differentiation.

Main Results:

  • Stains facilitate diagnosis of hepatitis, necrosis, steatohepatitis, cirrhosis, and venous outflow obstruction.
  • Fat stains are routine for donor liver allograft evaluation.
  • Iron and copper stains identify hemochromatosis, hemosiderosis, cholestatic disease, and Wilson's disease.
  • PAS and Congo red/crystal violet detect carbohydrate moieties and amyloid deposition.
  • Reticulin staining aids in distinguishing benign from malignant hepatocellular neoplasms.

Conclusions:

  • Histochemical staining is indispensable for comprehensive liver disease diagnosis.
  • Specific stains provide critical information for managing various hepatic disorders.
  • These methods are key in differentiating benign from malignant liver lesions.