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Persistent amnion-chorion membrane separation.

Kristin D Gerson1,2, Anna M Modest1,2, Jonathan L Hecht2,3

  • 1Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.

The Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Research
|November 10, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Persistent separation of fetal membranes (amnion-chorion) is linked to poor pregnancy outcomes and placental issues. This condition also increases the risk of fetal malformations not explained by genetic factors.

Keywords:
abnormal cord insertionamnion-chorion membrane separationfetal malformationplacental perfusion defect

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Area of Science:

  • Perinatology
  • Fetal Medicine
  • Placental Pathology

Background:

  • Fetal membranes, comprising the amnion and chorion, typically fuse in the early second trimester.
  • Persistent separation of these membranes is associated with increased risks of adverse perinatal outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To characterize sonographic and placental findings in pregnancies with persistent amnion-chorion (AC) membrane separation.
  • To investigate the association between AC membrane separation and adverse perinatal outcomes.

Main Methods:

  • A case series of 23 singleton pregnancies with persistent AC membrane separation diagnosed via ultrasound after 16 weeks' gestation.
  • Analysis of 20 placentas for morphological and insertion abnormalities.

Main Results:

  • 56.5% of cases experienced obstetrical complications, with 8.7% resulting in intrauterine fetal demise.
  • Fetal malformations were observed in 34.8% of cases; 40% of placentas were small for gestational age.
  • Placental abnormalities included marginal/velamentous cord insertion (34.8%) and perfusion defects (55%).

Conclusions:

  • Persistent AC membrane separation is linked to adverse obstetrical outcomes and placental abnormalities.
  • This condition is associated with an increased incidence of fetal malformations, even without clear genetic causes.
  • Placental findings include growth restriction and perfusion defects, highlighting the impact on fetal development.