Two-Dimensional Porous Polymers: From Sandwich-like Structure to Layered Skeleton

Area of Science:

• Materials Science
• Polymer Chemistry
• Nanotechnology

Background:

• Inorganic porous materials are stable but limited.
• Porous polymers offer tunable properties for applications like sensing and energy storage.
• Poor dispersibility and amorphous structures hinder porous polymer development, especially 2D forms.

Purpose of the Study:

• To address the challenges in synthesizing 2D porous polymers with controlled morphology.
• To explore the use of 2D nanomaterials as templates for scalable 2D porous polymer synthesis.
• To review recent advancements in 2D porous polymers and their derived porous carbon nanosheets.

Main Methods:

• Utilizing 2D nanomaterials (e.g., graphene, MoS2) as templates for surface polymerization.
• Employing various polymerization reactions like Sonogashira-Hagihara coupling and condensation reactions.
• Investigating template-free synthesis methods for specific 2D porous polymers.

Main Results:

• Successful synthesis of sandwich-like 2D porous polymers (e.g., conjugated microporous polymers, covalent triazine frameworks) using 2D templates.
• Demonstration of facile preparation of porous carbon nanosheets via pyrolysis of 2D porous polymers.
• Achieved 2D morphology without templates in certain cases, such as olefin-linkage-linked covalent organic frameworks.

Conclusions:

• 2D nanomaterial templating provides a scalable and efficient route to 2D porous polymers.
• 2D porous polymers serve as valuable precursors for high-performance porous carbon nanosheets.
• This approach overcomes limitations of traditional methods, enabling broader applications in catalysis and energy storage.