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Microstructural volumetric analysis of lateral ridge augmentation using differently conditioned tooth roots
Kathrin Becker1,2, Katarina Jandik3, Martin Stauber4
1Department of Oral Surgery, University of Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany. kathrin.becker@med.uni-duesseldorf.de.
Clinical Oral Investigations
|November 11, 2018
Summary
Autogenous tooth roots and autogenous bone blocks show similar bone microstructure for alveolar ridge augmentation. Tooth root graft resorption varies among individuals, suggesting roots are a viable alternative to bone grafts.
Area of Science:
- Oral surgery
- Regenerative medicine
- Biomaterials science
Background:
- Autogenous tooth roots have shown potential for lateral ridge augmentation, comparable to conventional bone grafts.
- Previous studies were limited to 2D analyses, neglecting the volumetric nature of bone healing.
- Volumetric assessment is crucial for understanding the microstructural changes during graft integration.
Purpose of the Study:
- To volumetrically assess the bone microstructure after lateral ridge augmentation using extracted tooth roots.
- To compare the efficacy of differently conditioned tooth roots and autogenous bone blocks as bone grafts.
- To evaluate the integration and replacement of tooth root grafts within alveolar defects.
Main Methods:
- Maxillary premolars (healthy, endodontically treated, periodontitis) and autogenous bone blocks were used for lateral ridge augmentation in foxhounds.
- Microcomputed tomography (μCT) was used to analyze tissue biopsies after 12 weeks of healing and subsequent implant placement.
- Key microstructural parameters including bone volume per tissue volume (BV/TV) and trabecular characteristics were measured.
Main Results:
- Comparable bone volume per tissue volume (BV/TV), trabecular thickness (Tb.Th), trabecular separation (Tb.Sp), and connectivity density (Conn.D) were observed in all grafted groups.
- A gradual, heterogeneous replacement of grafts occurred across all groups.
- Residual tooth root fragments were noted, particularly in healthy and periodontitis-conditioned tooth root groups.
Conclusions:
- Autogenous tooth roots, regardless of conditioning, promote comparable bone microstructure to autogenous bone blocks in alveolar ridge augmentation.
- Tooth root grafts are a potential alternative to autogenous bone for localized alveolar ridge augmentation.
- The resorption rate and duration of tooth root graft replacement vary significantly between individuals.
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