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Related Concept Videos

Functions of Smooth Muscles01:23

Functions of Smooth Muscles

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Smooth muscles are an important type of muscle tissue that plays a vital role in the involuntary movements of internal organs. For example, they help regulate the movement of food through the gut and the flow of blood through the circulatory system.
Function of visceral smooth muscles
Visceral smooth muscle is found in the walls of all hollow organs, except the heart, and is a key player in the involuntary movements that drive the functioning of these internal organs. This tissue is arranged in...
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Smooth Muscle Contraction01:25

Smooth Muscle Contraction

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Smooth muscle contraction is a complex process vital for various bodily functions, from maintaining blood vessel tension to facilitating the movement of food through the digestive tract. Unlike striated muscles, smooth muscle contraction begins more slowly and lasts longer.
The onset of contraction is triggered by an increase in calcium ions within the sarcoplasm, similar to the process in striated muscle. However, smooth muscles have a relatively smaller reservoir of the sarcoplasmic...
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Structure and Organization of Smooth Muscles01:13

Structure and Organization of Smooth Muscles

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Smooth muscle tissue is a type of muscle tissue that can be found lining various vital organs in the human body, including the lungs, blood vessels, digestive tract, and respiratory tract. This type of tissue is responsible for regulating the movements of these organs, playing crucial roles in the functioning of various systems, including the vascular, digestive, respiratory, and urinary systems.
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iPS Cell Differentiation01:22

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The ability of induced pluripotent stem cells or iPSCs to differentiate into most body cell types has stimulated repair and regenerative medicine research over the past few decades. iPSC-derived blood cells, hepatocytes, beta islet cells, cardiomyocytes, neurons, and other cell types can repair injuries or regenerate damaged tissue in diseases such as diabetes and neurodegenerative disorders.
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B Cell Activation and Differentiation01:24

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The adaptive immune response, a sophisticated defense mechanism, relies on the activation and differentiation of B lymphocytes, or B cells. These processes enable our bodies to mount a tailored response against specific pathogens such as bacteria, free virus particles, toxins, and parasites.
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Differentiation of Common Myeloid Progenitor Cells01:15

Differentiation of Common Myeloid Progenitor Cells

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Common myeloid progenitors (CMPs) are oligopotent cells that can differentiate into granulocytes and macrophages. Granulocytes and macrophages are essential for protecting the body against bacterial, viral, or fungal infections. They migrate from the bone marrow into the circulating blood to reach specific tissue sites where they differentiate and help in immune surveillance. However, they survive only for a few days and must be continuously made available to the organism to maintain a robust...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 2, 2026

The Production of Pluripotent Stem Cells from Mouse Amniotic Fluid Cells Using a Transposon System
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Smooth muscle cell differentiation from rabbit amniotic cells.

Ufuk Senel1, Ozlem Silan Coskun2, Emre Can Tuysuz2

  • 1Department of Pediatric Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Gaziosmanpasa University, 60100 Tokat, Turkey.

Experimental and Molecular Pathology
|November 12, 2018
PubMed
Summary

Amniotic fluid-derived mesenchymal stem cells (AMSCs) can be differentiated into functional smooth muscle cells (SMCs). These engineered SMCs show potential for tissue engineering applications when cultured on PLGA scaffolds.

Keywords:
DifferentiationMesenchymal stem cellRabbit amnion cellsSmooth muscle cellTissue engineering

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Isolation of Murine Coronary Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells
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Area of Science:

  • Regenerative Medicine
  • Stem Cell Biology
  • Tissue Engineering

Background:

  • Amniotic fluid (AF) contains mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) with differentiation potential.
  • Smooth muscle cells (SMCs) are crucial for organ function and tissue engineering.
  • Amniotic fluid-derived MSCs (AMSCs) are a potential source for cell-based therapies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the differentiation of AMSCs into SMCs.
  • To characterize the resulting differentiated SMCs.
  • To evaluate the suitability of PLGA scaffolds for AMSC-based SMC engineering.

Main Methods:

  • AMSCs were isolated and differentiated using growth factors (PDGF-BB, TGF-β).
  • Differentiation was confirmed via morphological, molecular (qPCR, ICC), and functional assays (contraction, calcium signaling).
  • AMSCs were cultured on poly(lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) scaffolds, and their attachment was assessed.

Main Results:

  • AMSCs successfully differentiated into SMCs, exhibiting characteristic morphology and gene expression (ACTA2, MYH11).
  • Differentiated SMCs demonstrated functional contractile ability and increased intracellular calcium.
  • AMSCs adhered well to PLGA scaffolds, indicating their suitability for tissue engineering.

Conclusions:

  • AMSCs can be effectively differentiated into functional SMCs.
  • PLGA scaffolds are a suitable material for culturing and engineering AMSC-derived SMCs.
  • AF-derived MSC-based SMC engineering holds promise for future clinical applications.