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Anthocyanins As Modulators of Cell Redox-Dependent Pathways in Non-Communicable Diseases

Antonio Speciale1, Antonella Saija1, Romina Bashllari1

  • 1Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Messina, Italy.

Current Medicinal Chemistry
|November 13, 2018
PubMed

Insights

Anthocyanins (ACNs) protect against chronic diseases by modulating cell redox signaling pathways, not just as antioxidants. Their metabolites play a key role in these protective effects against metabolic risk factors.

Area of Science:

  • Nutritional biochemistry
  • Molecular biology
  • Disease prevention

Background:

  • Chronic noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) are leading causes of morbidity and mortality, often linked to metabolic risk factors.
  • Anthocyanins (ACNs) exhibit diverse biological activities, including anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and cardioprotective properties, beneficial for human health.
  • Despite low bioavailability, ACN metabolites are crucial for observed in vivo protective effects.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review scientific evidence on the protective role of ACNs against NCDs.
  • To elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying ACNs' health benefits beyond antioxidant activity.
  • To highlight ACNs' modulation of cell redox-dependent signaling pathways.

Main Methods:

  • Review of scientific literature on anthocyanins and NCDs.
  • Analysis of molecular targets and signaling pathways affected by ACNs.
  • Investigation of ACNs' interaction with NF-κB, AP-1, and Nrf2/ARE pathways.

Main Results:

  • ACNs modulate key cell redox-dependent signaling pathways, including NF-κB, AP-1, and Nrf2/ARE.
  • ACNs influence cytoprotective proteins involved in antioxidant defense and detoxification.
  • Evidence suggests ACNs counter oxidative stress and inflammation implicated in NCDs.

Conclusions:

  • ACNs offer protection against NCDs through modulation of redox signaling, not solely via antioxidant action.
  • Understanding ACNs' molecular targets is crucial for leveraging their health benefits.
  • Specific nutritional compounds like ACNs are vital for human health and disease prevention.
Keywords:
AP-1AnthocyaninNF-κBNrf2antioxidantchronic diseasesinflammation.

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