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Polymers02:34

Polymers

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The word polymer is derived from the Greek words “poly” which means “many” and “mer” which means “parts”. Polymers are long chains of molecules composed of repeating units of smaller molecules, known as monomers. They either occur naturally, such as DNA and proteins, or can be constructed synthetically, like plastics. They have varied structural characteristics, such as linear chains, branched chains, or complex networks, that contribute to the...
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Polymers02:34

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Polymer Classification: Architecture01:14

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Polymers are classified as linear or branched on the basis of their chain architecture. The polymer chains in linear polymers have a long chain-like structure with minimal to no branching at all. Even if a polymer features large substituent groups on the monomer, which appear as branches to the skeleton, it is not considered a branched polymer. A branched polymer contains secondary polymer chains that arise from the main polymer chain. The branching occurs when the polymer growth shifts from...
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Polymer Classification: Crystallinity01:21

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Unlike ionic or small covalent molecules, polymers do not form crystalline solids due to the diffusion limitations of their long-chain structures. However, polymers contain microscopic crystalline domains separated by amorphous domains.
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Polymer Classification: Stereospecificity01:26

Polymer Classification: Stereospecificity

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Polymerization generates chiral centers along the entire backbone of a polymer chain. Accordingly, the stereochemistry of the substituent group has a significant effect on polymer properties. Polymers formed from monosubstituted alkene monomers feature chiral carbons at every alternate position in the polymer backbone. Relative to the predominant orientation of substituents at the adjacent chiral carbons, the polymer can exist in three different configurations: isotactic, syndiotactic, and...
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Polymers: Defining Molecular Weight01:01

Polymers: Defining Molecular Weight

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Unlike small molecules with definite molecular weights, polymers are a mixture of individual polymer chains of varying lengths, each with a unique molecular weight.  So, the molecular weight of a polymer is expressed as an average value based on the average size of the polymer chains. The two most common forms of averages used for polymers are the number average molecular weight and weight average molecular weight.
The number average molecular weight (Mn) is the summation of the number...
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Controlling the Size, Shape and Stability of Supramolecular Polymers in Water
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Pillararene-based supramolecular polymers.

Hui Li1, Ying Yang, Fenfen Xu

  • 1School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou 341000, P. R. China. lh@jxust.edu.cn.

Chemical Communications (Cambridge, England)
|November 13, 2018
PubMed
Summary

Pillararene-based supramolecular polymers (PSPs) offer unique self-healing and adaptive properties. This review explores their host-guest chemistry, assembly, and advanced functionalities for polymer science.

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Area of Science:

  • Supramolecular Chemistry
  • Polymer Science

Background:

  • Pillararenes are macrocyclic hosts with columnar structures and electron-rich cavities.
  • They exhibit recognition for cations, neutral molecules, and even anionic guests upon modification.
  • Their adaptable nature makes them ideal building blocks for supramolecular polymers.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide an overview of pillararene-based supramolecular polymers (PSPs).
  • To cover recent research advances in pillararene host-guest chemistry and assembly.
  • To discuss future trends and functional features of PSPs.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on pillararene synthesis and modification.
  • Analysis of host-guest interactions involving pillararenes.
  • Exploration of assembly methods for creating PSPs.
  • Examination of stimuli-responsive and functional properties of PSPs.

Main Results:

  • Pillararenes facilitate the creation of supramolecular polymers with unique properties.
  • PSPs exhibit advantages over traditional polymers, including self-reparability, degradability, and self-adaptation.
  • Diverse assembly methods and topological architectures are achievable with PSPs.

Conclusions:

  • Pillararene-based supramolecular polymers represent a promising class of materials.
  • Further research into their host-guest pairs, assembly, and stimuli-responsiveness will drive innovation.
  • PSPs hold potential for advanced applications in polymer science and supramolecular chemistry.