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Related Concept Videos

Bone Cells and Tissue01:30

Bone Cells and Tissue

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Bones contain a relatively small number of cells entrenched in a matrix of organic and inorganic components. Although bone cells compose only a small amount of the bone volume, they are crucial to its function. Four types of cells are found within the bone tissue— osteoblasts, osteocytes, osteogenic cells, and osteoclasts.
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The osteoblast is the bone cell responsible for forming new bone tissue. It is found in the growing portions of bone, including the...
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Hormones and Bone Tissue01:17

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The endocrine system produces and secretes hormones, which interact with the skeletal system. These hormones control bone growth, maintain bone once it is formed, and remodel it.
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Several hormones are necessary for controlling bone growth and maintaining the bone matrix. The pituitary gland secretes growth hormone (GH), which, as its name implies, controls bone growth. This happens in several ways: first, it triggers chondrocyte...
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Bone as Supporting Connective Tissue01:23

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Bone tissue forms the internal skeleton of vertebrate animals, providing structure to the body.
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Bone, or osseous tissue, is a connective tissue that has a large amount of two different types of matrix material. The organic matrix is similar to the matrix material found in other connective tissues, including some amount of collagen and elastic fibers. This gives strength and flexibility to the tissue. The inorganic matrix consists of mineral salts— mostly calcium salts—...
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Growth of Cartilage and Bone Tissue01:27

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Chondrocytes form a temporary cartilaginous model by dividing and secreting a thick gel-like extracellular matrix. Once the chondrocytes undergo programmed cell death, osteoblasts enter the site of the cartilaginous model. The process of replacing the temporary cartilaginous model with bone in an ordered manner is called endochondral ossification. In endochondral ossification, not all of the cartilage is replaced by bone tissue. Some cartilage that performs a protective and supportive function...
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Epithelial Tissues and Their Functions01:23

Epithelial Tissues and Their Functions

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Epithelial tissues are large sheets of cells covering all of the surfaces of the body. These surfaces can be internal or external, for example, skin, airways, the digestive tract, the urinary system, and the reproductive system. Hollow organs and body cavities that do not connect to the body's exterior, including blood vessels and serous membranes, are lined by epithelial tissue known as the endothelium.
Epithelial tissues provide the body's first line of protection from physical,...
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Functions of Connective Tissues01:17

Functions of Connective Tissues

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Connective tissues perform a broad range of functions in the body. Their primary function is to connect and link different tissues in the body and act as packaging material between tissues. The areolar tissue, a connective tissue prototype, commonly cements various tissue types in diverse body organs. In contrast, adipose tissue cushions internal organs while insulating the body from heat loss.
Hard connective tissues, such as bones and cartilage, provide structure and support to the body.
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Author Spotlight: Insights into the Use of Apple-Derived Cellulose Scaffolds for Bone Tissue Engineering
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Strontium functionalized scaffold for bone tissue engineering.

Rahul D Prabha1, Bindu P Nair2, Nicholas Ditzel3

  • 1Molecular Endocrinology Laboratory (KMEB), Department of Endocrinology, Odense University Hospital & University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark; Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopaedics, Amrita School of Dentistry, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Kochi, Kerala 682041, India.

Materials Science & Engineering. C, Materials for Biological Applications
|November 15, 2018
PubMed
Summary

This study shows poly-(ε) caprolactone (PCL)-laponite-strontium ranelate (SRA) composite scaffolds support human marrow derived stromal stem cells (hMSC) growth and osteogenic differentiation, leading to ectopic bone formation in vivo.

Keywords:
BoneDrug deliveryLaponiteStem cellsStrontium

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Regenerative Medicine
  • Orthopedic Research

Background:

  • Drug-eluting scaffolds enhance local delivery of osteoprotective drugs.
  • This approach aims to reduce drug dosage and systemic side effects.
  • Poly-(ε) caprolactone (PCL) is a biocompatible polymer used in medical devices.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate a novel poly-(ε) caprolactone (PCL)-laponite-strontium ranelate (SRA) composite scaffold (PLS3).
  • To assess the scaffold's capacity to support human marrow derived stromal stem cells (hMSC) growth and osteogenic differentiation.
  • To investigate the in vivo performance of the hMSC-seeded PLS3 scaffold for bone regeneration.

Main Methods:

  • In vitro culture of hMSC on PLS3 scaffolds.
  • Assessment of cell proliferation and osteogenic marker expression.
  • In vivo implantation of hMSC-seeded PLS3 scaffolds in immunocompromised mice.
  • Histological analysis to evaluate ectopic bone formation and vascularization.

Main Results:

  • The PLS3 scaffold demonstrated robust support for hMSC proliferation in vitro.
  • Significant osteogenic differentiation of hMSC was observed on the PLS3 scaffold.
  • In vivo studies revealed vascularized ectopic bone formation following scaffold implantation.
  • The composite scaffold facilitated bone regeneration in a non-osseous site.

Conclusions:

  • The PLS3 scaffold effectively supports hMSC growth and osteogenic differentiation.
  • PLS3 scaffolds show promise for bone regenerative applications in orthopedics and dentistry.
  • This composite material offers a potential solution for localized drug delivery in bone repair.