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Updated: Feb 2, 2026

Spark Plasma Sintering Apparatus Used for the Formation of Strontium Titanate Bicrystals
Published on: February 9, 2017
Comparative study on Ti-Nb binary alloys fabricated through spark plasma sintering and conventional P/M routes for
Rajamallu Karre1, Basanth Kumar Kodli1, Archana Rajendran2
1Dept. of Materials Science and Metallurgical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, Kandi 502285, Telangana, India.
Abstract:
The main purpose of this work is to obtain homogenous, single β phase in binary Ti-xNb (x = 18.75, 25, and 31.25 at.%) alloys by simple mixing of pure elemental powders using different sintering techniques such as spark plasma sintering (pressure-assisted sintering) and conventional powder metallurgy (pressure-less sintering). Synthesis parameters such as sintering temperature and holding time etc. are optimized in both techniques in order to get homogenous microstructure. In spark plasma sintering (SPS), complete homogeneous β phase is achieved in Ti25at.%Nb using 1300 °C sintering temperature with 60 min holding time under 50 MPa pressure. On the other hand, complete β phase is obtained in Ti25at.%Nb through conventional powder metallurgy (P/M) route using sintering temperature of 1400 °C for 120 min holding time which are adopted from the dilatometry studies. Nano-indentation is carried out for mechanical properties such as Young's modulus and nano-hardness. Elastic properties of binary Ti-xNb compositions are fallen within the range of 80-90 GPa. Cytotoxicity as well as cell adhesion studies carried out using MG63, osteoblast-like cells showed excellent biocompatibility of thus developed Ti25at.%Nb surface irrespective of fabrication route.
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