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Chopper-Stabilized Instrumentation Amplifier with Automatic Frequency Tuning Loop.

Chen-Mao Wu1, Hsiao-Chin Chen2, Ming-Yu Yen3

  • 1Asmedia Technology Inc., New Taipei 231, Taiwan. alexwuee2b@gmail.com.

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study presents a variable-gain chopper instrumentation amplifier (IA) that reduces noise using a low-pass filter (LPF). The developed chopper IA achieves a gain of up to 48.5 dB with significantly reduced input-referred noise.

Keywords:
automatic frequency tuning loopchopper techniqueinstrumentation amplifierlow-pass filter

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Area of Science:

  • Analog Integrated Circuit Design
  • Instrumentation Amplifiers
  • Low-Noise Electronics

Background:

  • Instrumentation amplifiers (IAs) are crucial for amplifying weak signals in various applications.
  • Chopper stabilization techniques are employed to mitigate low-frequency noise and offset voltages in IAs.
  • Traditional chopper IAs can suffer from up-converted noise at the chopping frequency, necessitating filtering solutions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To design and fabricate a variable-gain chopper-stabilized instrumentation amplifier (chopper IA) with enhanced noise performance.
  • To investigate the effectiveness of a low-pass filter (LPF) in attenuating up-converted noise.
  • To implement an automatic frequency tuning loop (ATL) for dynamic LPF corner frequency adjustment.

Main Methods:

  • A chopper IA circuit was designed and fabricated using TSMC 0.18 μm CMOS technology.
  • A low-pass filter (LPF) was integrated to suppress noise at the chopping frequency.
  • An automatic frequency tuning loop (ATL) was employed to dynamically adjust the LPF corner frequency.

Main Results:

  • The chopper IA achieved a variable gain ranging from 20.7 to 48.5 dB with a minimum bandwidth of 6.7 kHz.
  • The input-referred noise was reduced to 0.28 μVrms (0-96 kHz) using a chopping frequency of 83.3 kHz.
  • An automatic frequency tuning loop (ATL) ensured a noise reduction of 36.7 dB by maintaining an 8.3 frequency ratio between the chopping frequency and LPF corner frequency.

Conclusions:

  • The developed variable-gain chopper IA effectively reduces noise through integrated LPF and ATL.
  • The circuit demonstrates competitive performance in terms of gain, bandwidth, and noise reduction.
  • This design offers a robust solution for low-noise signal amplification in sensitive applications.