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Binocular coordination and reading performance during smartphone reading in intermittent exotropia
Masakazu Hirota1, Hiroyuki Kanda1, Takao Endo2
1Department of Applied Visual Science, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan, fujikado@ophthal.med.osaka-u.ac.jp.
Patients with intermittent exotropia showed increased monocular viewing during smartphone use. Maintaining a proper viewing distance is recommended to preserve binocular coordination for these individuals.
Area of Science:
- Ophthalmology
- Vision Science
- Neuroscience
Background:
- Intermittent exotropia is a common binocular vision disorder.
- Smartphone usage is prevalent across all age groups.
- Understanding visual behavior during near-work is crucial for eye health.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate binocular coordination during smartphone reading in intermittent exotropia.
- To compare eye movements in intermittent exotropia patients versus normal vision controls.
- To investigate the impact of viewing distance on binocularity during digital screen use.
Main Methods:
- Video-oculography was used to record eye movements in 11 intermittent exotropia patients and 15 controls.
- Participants read from a smartphone at 50, 30, and 20 cm.
- Monocular viewing was defined as horizontal disparity >2°, and its proportion was analyzed alongside reading speed.
Main Results:
- The intermittent exotropia group exhibited a significantly higher proportion of monocular viewing than controls (P<0.001).
- Monocular viewing increased significantly at closer distances (20 cm) in the exotropia group (P<0.05).
- Reading speed was negatively correlated with monocular viewing at 30 and 20 cm in exotropia patients (P<0.05).
Conclusions:
- Intermittent exotropia is associated with increased monocular viewing during smartphone reading.
- Advising appropriate viewing distances may help patients maintain binocular coordination.
- This highlights the importance of visual ergonomics for individuals with binocular vision anomalies.
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