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Related Concept Videos

Stem Cell Therapy for Tissue Regeneration01:21

Stem Cell Therapy for Tissue Regeneration

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Stem cell therapy is a method used in regenerative medicine to repair and restore function to damaged tissues and organs. Stem cells have the potential to proliferate and differentiate into various tissue types, making them ideal candidates for tissue regeneration. For example, hematopoietic stem cell transplants are commonly used in blood cancer treatment to replenish damaged bone marrow and restore healthy blood cells.
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Autism Spectrum Disorder01:19

Autism Spectrum Disorder

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Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition marked by persistent deficits in social communication and interaction alongside restrictive and repetitive behaviors or interests. ASD is sometimes accompanied by intellectual impairment.
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Adult Stem Cells01:33

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Stem cells are undifferentiated cells that divide and produce more stem cells or progenitor cells that differentiate into mature, specialized cell types. All the cells in the body are generated from stem cells in the early embryo, but small populations of stem cells are also present in many adult tissues including the bone marrow, brain, skin, and gut. These adult stem cells typically produce the various cell types found in that tissue—to replace cells that are damaged or to continuously...
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Embryonic Stem Cells00:58

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Embryonic stem (ES) cells are undifferentiated pluripotent cells, meaning they can produce any cell type in the body. This gives them tremendous potential in science and medicine since they can generate specific cell types for use in research or to replace body cells lost due to damage or disease.
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Embryonic Stem Cells00:57

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Embryonic stem (ES) cells were first discovered in mice in 1981 by Martin Evans. In 1998, James Thomson identified a method to isolate embryonic stem cells from humans. Human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) are obtained from 3-5 day old embryos that remain unused after an in vitro fertilization procedure.
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Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells01:13

Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells

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Stem cells are undifferentiated cells that divide and produce different types of cells. Ordinarily, cells that have differentiated into a specific cell type are post-mitotic—that is, they no longer divide. However, scientists have found a way to reprogram these mature cells so that they “de-differentiate” and return to an unspecialized, proliferative state. These cells are also pluripotent like embryonic stem cells—able to produce all cell types—and are therefore...
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CRISPR/Cas9 Gene Editing of Hematopoietic Stem and Progenitor Cells for Gene Therapy Applications
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Stem cell therapy in autism: recent insights.

Dario Siniscalco1, Suresh Kannan2, Neomar Semprún-Hernández3

  • 1Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania, Napoli, Italy, dariosin@uab.edu.

Stem Cells and Cloning : Advances and Applications
|November 15, 2018
PubMed
Summary

Stem cell therapy shows promise for treating autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) by addressing underlying immune dysfunction and neurobiology. This review covers cellular abnormalities, stem cell types, and ongoing clinical trials for ASD treatment.

Keywords:
autism spectrum disordercell therapyimmune dysfunctionstem cell

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Immunology
  • Developmental Biology

Background:

  • Autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) are neurodevelopmental conditions characterized by social communication deficits and repetitive behaviors.
  • ASDs involve complex pathologies including immune system dysfunction and inflammatory processes.
  • Existing treatments for ASDs have limitations, prompting research into novel therapeutic approaches.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review cellular and molecular abnormalities in ASDs.
  • To explore the potential of stem cell therapy for ASD treatment.
  • To summarize current research, including animal models and clinical trials, on stem cells for autism.

Main Methods:

  • Comprehensive literature review of scientific articles and clinical trial data.
  • Analysis of studies on stem cell properties and their immunomodulatory effects.
  • Examination of animal models of ASD and their response to cell-based therapies.

Main Results:

  • Stem cells possess immunologic properties beneficial for treating ASD-related inflammation and immune dysregulation.
  • Various stem cell types are being investigated for their efficacy in preclinical and clinical settings.
  • Current research indicates potential but also highlights the need for further investigation and standardized protocols.

Conclusions:

  • Stem cell therapy represents a promising avenue for addressing the complex neurobiological and immunological aspects of ASDs.
  • Further research and well-designed clinical trials are essential to establish the safety and efficacy of stem cell treatments for autism.
  • Understanding ASD pathophysiology is crucial for optimizing cell-based therapeutic strategies.