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Ingesting a Bitter Solution: The Sweet Touch to Increasing Short-Term Cycling Performance.

Naroa Etxebarria, Megan L Ross, Brad Clark

    International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance
    |November 15, 2018
    PubMed
    Summary

    Ingesting quinine, a bitter tastant, can enhance cycling performance in the initial phase of a 3000-meter time trial. This bitter solution may improve power output during the first kilometer, potentially benefiting short-duration cycling events.

    Keywords:
    exercisepower outputsportsprinttastants

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    Area of Science:

    • Exercise Physiology
    • Sports Nutrition
    • Sensory Science

    Background:

    • Bitter taste receptors are present in the oral cavity and can influence physiological responses.
    • Quinine is a well-known bitter compound with potential ergogenic effects.
    • Optimizing performance in short-duration, high-intensity cycling events remains an area of interest.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the effect of ingesting 2 mM quinine solution on 3000-meter cycling time-trial performance in trained cyclists.
    • To compare the effects of quinine with a placebo and a sweet solution.
    • To determine if quinine can enhance power output and overall performance in a short-duration cycling event.

    Main Methods:

    • Nine well-trained male cyclists completed four 3000-meter cycling time trials under different conditions: placebo, sweet solution, and two quinine solutions (Bitter1, Bitter2).
    • Interventions were administered 30 seconds before each trial.
    • Participants were blinded to the intervention and self-selected gears.

    Main Results:

    • Overall mean power output across the 3000 meters was similar across all conditions.
    • Quinine ingestion significantly increased power output during the first kilometer compared to placebo (15-21 W increase).
    • A subsequent decrease in power output was observed during the second kilometer after quinine ingestion.

    Conclusions:

    • Ingesting 2 mM quinine can transiently improve cycling power output during the initial phase of a 3000-meter time trial.
    • Quinine may be a viable ergogenic aid for cycling events lasting approximately 80 seconds.
    • Further research is needed to understand the mechanisms and long-term effects of bitter tastants on athletic performance.