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Factors associated with cognitive performance in elderly caregivers.

Sofia Cristina Iost Pavarini1, Allan Gustavo Brigola2, Ana Carolina Ottaviani2

  • 1Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Departamento de Gerontologia, São Carlos SP, Brasil.

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Literacy and income positively impact cognitive function in elderly caregivers. Factors like age and caregiving duration negatively affect cognition, while emotional support and hope offer benefits.

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Area of Science:

  • Gerontology
  • Neuroscience
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Elderly caregivers often face significant socioeconomic and psychosocial challenges.
  • Cognitive performance is crucial for maintaining quality of life and independence in this population.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the socioeconomic, demographic, and psychosocial factors influencing cognitive performance in Brazilian elderly caregivers.
  • To identify key predictors of cognitive function to inform targeted interventions.

Main Methods:

  • A cross-sectional study involving 351 elderly caregivers in Brazilian primary healthcare settings.
  • Sociodemographic and caregiving variables were collected.
  • Cognitive performance was assessed using domains of the Addenbrooke's Cognitive Examination-Revised (ACE-R), analyzed via Tobit regression.

Main Results:

  • Higher literacy and family income were positively associated with all assessed cognitive domains (orientation/attention, memory, verbal fluency, language, visuospatial).
  • Increased age, male gender, and longer caregiving duration (days/week) showed negative associations with certain cognitive domains.
  • Receiving emotional support and higher levels of hope were positively linked to specific cognitive functions.

Conclusions:

  • Socioeconomic factors like literacy and income are significant positive determinants of cognitive health in elderly caregivers.
  • Demographic and caregiving burden factors can negatively impact cognitive domains, highlighting the need for support.
  • Psychosocial elements, including emotional support and hope, play a role in maintaining cognitive abilities, suggesting avenues for supportive interventions.