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Blood pressure reactivity in children
J F Sallis1, J E Dimsdale, C Caine
1Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla 92093.
Insights
Pediatric blood pressure hyperreactivity to stress may predict future hypertension. Factors like race, obesity, and family history are linked to this reactivity, warranting further research into its causes and implications.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric cardiology
- Cardiovascular health
- Hypertension research
Background:
- Blood pressure hyperreactivity to stress in children is a potential precursor to hypertension and coronary heart disease.
- Existing pediatric literature suggests a link between stress-induced blood pressure responses and long-term cardiovascular risks.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the pediatric literature on blood pressure hyperreactivity to stress.
- To examine its role as a potential precursor to hypertension and coronary heart disease in children.
Main Methods:
- Review of prospective studies and research identifying correlates of blood pressure reactivity in pediatric populations.
- Analysis of identified associations including race, obesity, Type A behavior, and family history of hypertension.
Main Results:
- Two prospective studies indicate that blood pressure hyperreactivity in children predicts the later development of hypertension.
- Associated factors include race, obesity, Type A behavior, and family history of hypertension.
- Both genetic and environmental influences are suggested, with limited study on psychosocial variables.
Conclusions:
- Blood pressure hyperreactivity in children is a significant indicator for future hypertension.
- Further research is needed to address methodological concerns and explore psychosocial factors.
- This understudied area holds potential for early cardiovascular disease prevention strategies.
Abstract:
This paper reviews the relevant pediatric literature about blood pressure (BP) hyperreactivity to stress as a possible precursor of hypertension and coronary heart disease. Two prospective studies of children indicate that BP hyperreactivity predicts later development of hypertension. Several studies have identified correlates of BP reactivity. Race, obesity, Type A and family history of hypertension appear to be associated with BP reactivity in children. There appear to be both genetic and environmental influences, but relatively few psychosocial variables have been studied. There are significant methodological concerns in terms of defining the characteristics of the stressors and the stability and generalizability of responses to laboratory stressors. BP reactivity in children is a potentially important area of inquiry that has been understudied.