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The Revised Two-Factor Study Process Questionnaire (R-SPQ-2F) effectively measures deep (DA) and surface (SA) learning approaches. Rasch analysis confirmed DA and SA as distinct constructs, validating the R-SPQ-2F for educational research.

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Area of Science:

  • Educational Psychology
  • Psychometrics

Background:

  • The Revised Two-Factor Study Process Questionnaire (R-SPQ-2F) was developed to assess students' deep (DA) and surface (SA) learning approaches.
  • True score theory underpinned its initial development in 1998.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To validate the two-factor structure of the R-SPQ-2F using Rasch analyses.
  • To investigate if the full scale (FS), with reverse-scored SA items, could function as a unidimensional measure of learning approach.

Main Methods:

  • Rasch analysis was employed to evaluate the R-SPQ-2F.
  • 327 university students completed an online version of the questionnaire.

Main Results:

  • The R-SPQ-2F demonstrated acceptable fit, targeting function (for DA and FS), and reliability (0.74-0.79) for its scales.
  • Unidimensionality was met by the DA and SA scales, but not the FS scale.

Conclusions:

  • The study validates the R-SPQ-2F, supporting deep (DA) and surface (SA) approaches as separate, distinct constructs in student learning.
  • The findings affirm the R-SPQ-2F's utility in educational research for measuring these two learning approaches.