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    A new logarithmic processing method enhances Brillouin optical time-domain analysis (BOTDA) sensors by correcting non-linear responses in long fiber optic cables. This improves measurement accuracy and spatial resolution for distributed sensing applications.

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    Area of Science:

    • Optoelectronics
    • Fiber Optic Sensing
    • Signal Processing

    Background:

    • Brillouin optical time-domain analysis (BOTDA) sensors are crucial for distributed strain and temperature sensing.
    • Existing pulse coding techniques in BOTDA suffer from non-linear sensor responses over long distances.
    • This non-linearity degrades measurement accuracy and spatial resolution.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To introduce a simple logarithmic processing method to enhance BOTDA sensor performance.
    • To compensate for the deviation from linearity in BOTDA sensor responses for long code lengths.
    • To ensure accurate decoding of probe gain measurements in BOTDA systems.

    Main Methods:

    • Applying logarithmic processing to the detected probe wave in BOTDA systems.
    • Compensating for the non-linear sensor response associated with long pulse code sequences.
    • Ensuring the additive property of individual pulse effects for correct gain measurement decoding.

    Main Results:

    • Experimental demonstration of compensated Brillouin frequency shift error caused by accumulated gain non-linearity.
    • Achieved better than 2 MHz precision in an 80 km sensing link within a 200 km fiber loop.
    • Demonstrated a spatial resolution of 2 m.

    Conclusions:

    • The proposed logarithmic processing effectively extends the performance of pulse coding in BOTDA sensors.
    • The method successfully mitigates non-linearity issues, enabling high-precision measurements over extended fiber lengths.
    • This advancement offers improved capabilities for long-range distributed fiber optic sensing.