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Polymers02:34

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The word polymer is derived from the Greek words “poly” which means “many” and “mer” which means “parts”. Polymers are long chains of molecules composed of repeating units of smaller molecules, known as monomers. They either occur naturally, such as DNA and proteins, or can be constructed synthetically, like plastics. They have varied structural characteristics, such as linear chains, branched chains, or complex networks, that contribute to the...
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Conduction System of the Heart01:19

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Autorhythmicity is a term that refers to the heart's inherent ability to generate electrical signals and instigate muscle contractions. This self-regulating conduction system within the heart consists of two key components: the pacemaker cells and specialized conducting cells.
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The cardiac conduction system produces and transmits electrical impulses that prompt myocardial contraction, ensuring efficient heart function. This intricate system ensures that the heart beats in a coordinated and efficient manner, beginning with the atria and then the ventricles. The conduction system optimizes cardiac output by maintaining this precise sequence, which is crucial for adequate blood circulation.
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Conduct disorder is a complex mental health diagnosis characterized by a repetitive and persistent pattern of behavior that violates societal norms, the rights of others, or age-appropriate rules. The diagnostic criteria for conduct disorder require the presence of at least three problematic behaviors within the past 12 months, with at least one occurring in the past six months. These behaviors are grouped into four categories: aggression toward people and animals; destruction of property;...
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In perfect conductors, the electric field inside is always zero due to the abundance of free electrons, which nullify any field by flowing. As a result, any residual charge resides on the surface.
In a practical conductor, an applied electric field may be sustained, causing a flow of electrons, which produce a current. The differential form of the current, the current density, is related to the electric field.
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DNA Nanotubes as a Versatile Tool to Study Semiflexible Polymers
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Aligned Conducting Polymer Nanotubes for Neural Prostheses.

Milad Khorrami, Mohammad Reza Abidian

    Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. Annual International Conference
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    New conducting polymer nanotubes improve neural microelectrode performance by reducing impedance and increasing charge capacity. This fabrication method offers enhanced biocompatibility and sensitivity for long-term neural recording applications.

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    Area of Science:

    • Biomaterials Science
    • Neurotechnology
    • Materials Chemistry

    Background:

    • Neural microelectrode performance is limited by poor electrical properties and mechanical stiffness, leading to cellular responses.
    • High impedance and low charge storage capacity hinder effective neural signal recording.
    • Current materials lack the necessary biocompatibility and sensitivity for long-term implantation.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To develop a novel templating method for fabricating highly aligned conducting polymer nanotubes.
    • To investigate the influence of electropolymerization time on nanotube structure and morphology.
    • To compare the electrical performance of poly(pyrrole) (PPY) and poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophine) (PEDOT) nanotubes.

    Main Methods:

    • Utilized a templating method for the fabrication of aligned conducting polymer nanotubes.
    • Precisely controlled nanotube structure by varying electropolymerization time.
    • Evaluated electrical properties, including impedance and charge storage capacity, of PPY and PEDOT nanotubes.

    Main Results:

    • Achieved precise modulation of nanotube structure by adjusting electropolymerization duration.
    • Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophine) (PEDOT) nanotubes exhibited lower impedance compared to poly(pyrrole) (PPY) nanotubes.
    • PPY nanotubes demonstrated a higher charge storage capacity than PEDOT nanotubes.

    Conclusions:

    • Aligned conducting polymer nanotubes offer a promising approach to enhance neural microelectrode performance.
    • The developed fabrication method allows for tailored nanotube properties for improved electrode-tissue interface.
    • These findings suggest potential for improved long-term neural recording with advanced electrode materials.