Related Experiment Video
Updated: Feb 2, 2026

Grafting Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes with Polystyrene to Enable Self-Assembly and Anisotropic Patchiness
Published on: April 1, 2018
Electrochemical Determination of β-Lactoglobulin Employing a Polystyrene Bead-Modified Carbon Nanotube Ink
Judith Molinari1, Laura Florez2, Anahí Medrano3
1U.T. Nanomateriales, INTI-Procesos Superficiales, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Industrial, Av. Gral. Paz 5445, San Martín B1650WAB, Argentina. molinari@inti.gov.ar.
Abstract:
In this article, we introduce the use of a carboxy-functionalized waterborne carbon nanotube ink for the fabrication of an amperometric biosensor aimed at the quantification of β-lactoglobulin. Detection of this protein from cow's milk was performed by a sandwich immunoassay onto printed carbon nanotube electrodes. The electrodes were printed using a carbon nanotube ink modified with polystyrene beads containing a high amount of carboxylic groups for protein immobilization. This strategy showed enhanced sensing performance compared to the use of oxidative treatments for the functionalization of electrodes. These electrodes showed an excellent electrochemical behavior, and proteins could be immobilized on their surface via the carbodiimide reaction. These antibody-immobilized carbon nanotube electrodes allowed for the detection of β-lactoglobulin in sub-ppm concentrations.
Related Concept Videos
What is an Electrochemical Gradient?
The chemical gradient relies on differences in the abundance of a substance on the outside versus the inside of a cell and flows from areas of high to low ion concentration. In contrast, the electrical gradient revolves around an...
The Carbon Cycle
Carbon Skeletons
Determining Order of Reaction
Carbonation Shrinkage
The concrete's permeability is slightly reduced as calcium carbonate produced during the reaction fills its pores. Furthermore, its strength is slightly enhanced as the water released during the reaction...
Interfacial Electrochemical Methods: Overview

