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Related Concept Videos

Fatigue01:21

Fatigue

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Fatigue occurs when materials rupture under repeated or fluctuating loads, even at stress levels far below their static breaking strength. It typically results in brittle failure, even for ductile materials. It is a critical consideration in designing machines and structural components subjected to repetitive or varying loads. The nature of these loadings can range from fluctuating loads like unbalanced pump impellers causing vibrations to repeatedly bending a thin steel rod wire back and forth...
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Design Example: Strain Gauge Bridge or Wheatstone Bridge01:15

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The utilization of strain gauges as transducers for converting mechanical strain into electrical signals is a common practice in various engineering applications. These strain gauges are frequently integrated into Wheatstone bridge circuits to accurately measure parameters such as force or pressure. Within this context, each element within the circuit exhibits a resistance that undergoes subtle variations when subjected to mechanical strain. The primary objective is to convert minuscule...
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Wheatstone Bridge01:29

Wheatstone Bridge

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An ohmmeter is a resistance-measuring device. It works by applying a voltage to a resistor of unknown resistance and measuring the current across the resistor. The resistance value is deduced using Ohm's law. Usually, the standard configuration of an ohmmeter comprises a voltmeter or an ammeter. However, such configurations are limited in accuracy because the meters alter the voltage applied to the resistor and the current that flows through it.
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Bridge rectifier01:24

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The bridge rectifier is essential in electronics for efficiently converting alternating current (AC) to direct current (DC). Comprised of four diodes configured in a bridge layout, this rectifier effectively processes both the positive and negative halves of the AC waveform, making it superior to half-wave and full-wave center-tapped rectifiers in terms of voltage regulation and output stability.
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Cross-bridge Cycle01:26

Cross-bridge Cycle

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As muscle contracts, the overlap between the thin and thick filaments increases, decreasing the length of the sarcomere—the contractile unit of the muscle—using energy in the form of ATP. At the molecular level, this is a cyclic, multistep process that involves binding and hydrolysis of ATP, and movement of actin by myosin.
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Structural Joints: Synovial Joints01:16

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Synovial joints are the most common type of joint in the body. A key structural characteristic for a synovial joint is the presence of a joint cavity. This fluid-filled space is where the articulating surfaces of the bones contact each other. Also, unlike fibrous or cartilaginous joints, the articulating bone surfaces at a synovial joint are not directly connected to each other with fibrous connective tissue or cartilage. This gives the bones of a synovial joint the ability to move smoothly...
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Monitoring Fatigue Damage of Modular Bridge Expansion Joints Using Piezoceramic Transducers.

Tianyong Jiang1, Yaowen Zhang2, Lei Wang3

  • 1School of Civil Engineering, Changsha University of Science and Technology, Changsha 410114, China. tianyongjiang@csust.edu.cn.

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)
|November 18, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study introduces a new method using piezoceramic transducers to monitor fatigue damage in modular bridge expansion joints (MBEJs). The developed stress wave approach accurately estimates weld fatigue in MBEJs in real-time.

Keywords:
Lead zirconate titanate (PZT)active Sensingfatigue damagemodular bridge expansion joints (MBEJs)wavelet packet-based energy

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Area of Science:

  • Structural Health Monitoring
  • Materials Science
  • Mechanical Engineering

Background:

  • Modular bridge expansion joints (MBEJs) are critical infrastructure components prone to fatigue damage, particularly at full-penetration welds.
  • Ensuring the reliable operation of bridges necessitates effective fatigue monitoring of MBEJs.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and validate a stress wave-based active sensing approach for real-time fatigue damage monitoring of MBEJs.
  • To specifically assess the fatigue damage in the critical full-penetration weld between the center beam and support bar.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of a full-scale center-beam/support-bar (CB/SB) assembly specimen.
  • Utilization of lead zirconate titanate (PZT) transducers as actuators and sensors for stress wave propagation.
  • Conducting alternating static and fatigue tests, with wavelet packet analysis of received signals at various cyclic loading stages.

Main Results:

  • Experimental results indicated a decrease in overall structure stiffness with increasing cyclic loading.
  • The proposed piezoceramic active sensing method demonstrated the capability to accurately monitor and estimate the fatigue damage degree of full-penetration welds in MBEJs.

Conclusions:

  • The developed piezoceramic-enabled active sensing approach provides a reliable method for real-time fatigue damage monitoring of MBEJs.
  • This technique can precisely assess fatigue damage in critical weld locations, enhancing bridge safety and maintenance.