Resistin is a prognostic factor for death in type 2 diabetes

Area of Science:

• Endocrinology
• Metabolic Syndrome
• Cardiovascular Disease

Background:

• Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) is a complex metabolic disorder associated with increased cardiovascular risk.
• Adipokines like leptin and resistin, along with inflammatory markers such as tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), play roles in T2D pathogenesis and complications.

Purpose of the Study:

• To evaluate the prognostic significance of serum leptin, resistin, and TNF-α levels in patients with T2D.
• To determine if these markers predict mortality and major adverse cardiovascular events.

Main Methods:

• A cohort of 284 T2D patients had baseline measurements of leptin, resistin, and TNF-α.
• Patients were followed for a median of 5.4 years for all-cause death (primary endpoint) and a composite of death, acute coronary syndrome, or stroke/transient ischemic attack (secondary endpoint).
• Multivariate analyses and receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used to assess predictive value.

Main Results:

• Resistin and TNF-α were significant predictors in univariate analysis, but only resistin remained an independent predictor in multivariate models for both endpoints.
• Higher resistin concentrations were associated with increased risk of all-cause death and the composite endpoint.
• A resistin level ≥11.4 ng/mL demonstrated 41% sensitivity and 91% specificity for predicting death (Youden's index).
• Leptin was not found to be a prognostic factor.

Conclusions:

• Elevated serum resistin is a significant independent predictor of poor prognosis in T2D patients, irrespective of TNF-α levels.
• Resistin concentrations above 11 ng/mL identify T2D individuals at higher risk for adverse outcomes.
• The pro-inflammatory properties of resistin may contribute to its association with unfavorable outcomes in T2D.