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What is Biodiversity?01:19

What is Biodiversity?

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Biodiversity describes the variety of living things at multiple organizational levels: genetic, species and ecosystem diversity. Species diversity includes all branches of the evolutionary tree from single-celled prokaryotic organisms, bacteria, and archaea, to the eukaryotic kingdoms: plants; animals; fungi; and protists. To date, there have been about 1.75 million species identified, and new species are discovered every week.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 2, 2026

Liver Cold Storage and Transplantation in the Cold-Adaptive Daurian Ground Squirrels
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Finding Common Ground between Adaptive Management and Evidence-Based Approaches to Biodiversity Conservation.

Lindsey Gillson1, Harry Biggs2, Izak P J Smit3

  • 1Plant Conservation Unit, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Cape Town, Private Bag X3, Rondebosch 7701, South Africa.

Trends in Ecology & Evolution
|November 19, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Adaptive management (AM) and evidence-based conservation (EBC) can be integrated by identifying conservation problems suitable for EBC based on uncertainty and complexity. This approach enhances EBC with iteration and co-learning for better conservation outcomes.

Keywords:
Complexityadaptive management cycleconservation decisionsuncertainty

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Area of Science:

  • Conservation science
  • Ecology
  • Environmental management

Background:

  • Adaptive management (AM) and evidence-based conservation (EBC) are key frameworks for conservation decision-making.
  • AM addresses complexity and local context under environmental and social change.
  • EBC aims for generalizable best practices from empirical data.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore common ground between AM and EBC.
  • To propose a framework for identifying conservation problems suitable for EBC.
  • To suggest methods for integrating AM principles into EBC.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review and conceptual synthesis.
  • Development of a framework based on uncertainty, complexity, and social agreement.
  • Identification of strategies for combining evidence and fostering co-learning.

Main Results:

  • A framework is proposed to differentiate conservation problems amenable to EBC.
  • Specific conditions (levels of uncertainty, complexity, social agreement) determine EBC suitability.
  • Methods for enhancing EBC with iterative learning and evidence synthesis are suggested.

Conclusions:

  • AM and EBC can be complementary, not mutually exclusive.
  • A structured approach can help determine when EBC is most effective.
  • Integrating AM's adaptive principles can strengthen EBC practices for conservation.