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Updated: Feb 2, 2026

Modeling Oral-Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma in 3D Organoids
Published on: December 23, 2022
Management of the Neck in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma: Background, Classification, and Current Philosophy
Payam Afzali1, Brent Benson Ward1
1Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
Abstract:
Nodal metastasis is the single most prognostic determinant in patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Since its inception more than a century ago, the management of the neck has led to decreased surgical morbidity, with continued preservation of oncologic safety for OSCC. Nodal metastasis is the single most prognostic determinant in patients with OSCC. The decision for the extent of the neck dissection is tailored to tumor-specific characteristics, which dictate the probability and extent of nodal metastasis, including tumor size, location, histopathologic characteristics, and the presence or absence of clinical nodal disease. These factors are tools to aid diagnosticians in their decision making for individual patients.
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