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Hepatic echinococcosis: A review.

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Cystic echinococcosis (CE), a parasitic disease caused by Echinococcus granulosus tapeworm larvae, affects many globally, primarily manifesting as liver and lung cysts. Diagnosis relies on imaging and serology, with surgery remaining the most effective treatment.

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Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Parasitology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Cystic echinococcosis (CE) is a zoonotic parasitic disease caused by Echinococcus granulosus metacestodes.
  • The disease is endemic in many regions worldwide, posing a significant public health concern.
  • CE typically presents as slow-growing cysts in the liver and lungs, leading to various clinical symptoms.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide an overview of cystic echinococcosis (CE).
  • To discuss the diagnosis and treatment of CE.
  • To highlight recent advancements in CE management.

Main Methods:

  • Review of clinical presentations and diagnostic modalities for CE.
  • Discussion of current treatment strategies, including surgery and percutaneous drainage.
  • Examination of recent developments in diagnostic and therapeutic approaches.

Main Results:

  • CE is characterized by slow-growing cysts, with liver and lung involvement being most common.
  • Diagnosis relies on clinical suspicion, supported by ultrasonography and serology.
  • Surgical intervention is considered the primary treatment, with percutaneous drainage as a viable alternative for select cases.

Conclusions:

  • Effective diagnosis and treatment of CE have advanced significantly.
  • Ongoing research aims to develop more sensitive diagnostic tools and effective therapies.
  • Control of CE requires integrated approaches involving public health and veterinary measures.