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Current knowledge about the impact of microgravity on the proteome
Sebastian M Strauch1, Daniela Grimm2,3,4, Thomas J Corydon2,5
1a Department of Biology, Cell Biology , Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg , Erlangen , Germany.
Expert Review of Proteomics
|November 20, 2018
Summary
Microgravity significantly impacts the proteome across plants, animals, and human cells, affecting key biological processes. Understanding these proteomic changes is crucial for space health and regenerative medicine.
Area of Science:
- Gravitational biology
- Proteomics
- Cellular biology
Background:
- Microgravity (µg) poses extreme stress to biological systems, leading to health issues for humans in space.
- Studies reveal structural and molecular changes in various organisms and cells exposed to microgravity.
- Proteomics investigations are vital for understanding these microgravity-induced alterations.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review current knowledge on microgravity's impact on the proteome in plants, animals, and human cells.
- To elucidate how microgravity affects various biological processes at the molecular level.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of proteomics investigations.
- Analysis of studies involving real microgravity (r-µg) and simulated microgravity (s-µg).
Main Results:
- Microgravity impacts the proteome, influencing angiogenesis, apoptosis, cell adhesion, cytoskeleton, extracellular matrix proteins, migration, proliferation, stress response, and signal transduction.
- Observed cellular function changes are cell-type dependent.
- Proteomic alterations provide insights into biological responses to microgravity.
Conclusions:
- Proteomic data from microgravity studies are essential for gravitational biology, tissue engineering, cancer research, and regenerative medicine.
- Findings may inform the development of countermeasures for space travelers' health.
- Further research can advance our understanding of life in space and on Earth.
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