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Related Concept Videos

Alkali Metals03:06

Alkali Metals

24.6K
Group 1 elements are soft and shiny metallic solids. They are malleable, ductile, and good conductors of heat and electricity. The melting points of the alkali metals are unusually low for metals and decrease going down the group, while the density increases going down the group with the exception of potassium (Table 1).
Table 1: Properties of the alkali metals
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Metallic Solids02:37

Metallic Solids

20.6K
Metallic solids such as crystals of copper, aluminum, and iron are formed by metal atoms. The structure of metallic crystals is often described as a uniform distribution of atomic nuclei within a “sea” of delocalized electrons. The atoms within such a metallic solid are held together by a unique force known as metallic bonding that gives rise to many useful and varied bulk properties.
All metallic solids exhibit high thermal and electrical conductivity, metallic luster, and malleability....
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Bonding in Metals02:32

Bonding in Metals

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Metallic bonds are formed between two metal atoms. A simplified model to describe metallic bonding has been developed by Paul Drüde called the “Electron Sea Model”. 
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Atomic Structure01:33

Atomic Structure

209.5K
Overview
209.5K
Metal-Ligand Bonds02:51

Metal-Ligand Bonds

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The hemoglobin in the blood, the chlorophyll in green plants, vitamin B-12, and the catalyst used in the manufacture of polyethylene all contain coordination compounds. Ions of the metals, especially the transition metals, are likely to form complexes.
In these complexes, transition metals form coordinate covalent bonds, a kind of Lewis acid-base interaction in which both of the electrons in the bond are contributed by a donor (Lewis base) to an electron acceptor (Lewis acid). The Lewis acid in...
24.3K
Properties of Transition Metals02:58

Properties of Transition Metals

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Transition metals are defined as those elements that have partially filled d orbitals. As shown in Figure 1, the d-block elements in groups 3–12 are transition elements. The f-block elements, also called inner transition metals (the lanthanides and actinides), also meet this criterion because the d orbital is partially occupied before the f orbitals.
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Synthesis of Metal Nanoparticles Supported on Carbon Nanotube with Doped Co and N Atoms and its Catalytic Applications in Hydrogen Production
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Atomic-Level Doping of Metal Clusters.

Atanu Ghosh, Omar F Mohammed, Osman M Bakr

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    Doping noble metal nanoclusters with foreign atoms enhances their properties for applications in energy and catalysis. This study explores synthesis methods, challenges, and structural impacts of incorporating dopants into atomically precise metal clusters.

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    Area of Science:

    • Materials Science
    • Nanotechnology
    • Physical Chemistry

    Background:

    • Atomically precise noble metal nanoclusters (e.g., silver, gold) are functional materials with applications in energy, sensing, catalysis, and nanoelectronics.
    • These nanoclusters, protected by ligands, bridge the gap between atomic and nanoparticle regimes.
    • Metallurgical principles demonstrate that alloying enhances material properties; doping nanoclusters offers similar potential.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To discuss the incorporation of various metal atoms into existing protected nanoclusters to tune their structure and properties.
    • To explain the distinction between alloy and doped clusters.
    • To review synthetic methods, challenges, and the impact of doping on cluster characteristics.

    Main Methods:

    • Exploration of doping challenges: compositional mixtures, structural alterations, and decomposition.
    • Review of synthetic approaches: co-reduction, galvanic exchange, ligand-induced conversion, and intercluster reactions.
    • Characterization techniques: High-resolution mass spectrometry (ESI-MS, MALDI-MS) and single-crystal X-ray diffraction for atomic-level confirmation.
    • Photophysical property analysis using time-dependent and steady-state luminescence and optical absorption spectroscopies.

    Main Results:

    • Doping alters the structure and properties of parent nanoclusters.
    • Enhanced stability, luminescence, and catalytic activity are observed, dependent on dopant type and quantity.
    • Dopants can modify the charge state of the parent cluster.
    • Structural relationships between parent and doped clusters were examined.

    Conclusions:

    • Atomic-level doping is crucial for enriching the chemistry and photophysics of metal nanoclusters.
    • Doping expands the application scope of these advanced materials.
    • The study provides a perspective on future research directions in doped nanocluster systems.