Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Peripherally and Centrally Acting Muscle Relaxants: A Comparison01:09

Peripherally and Centrally Acting Muscle Relaxants: A Comparison

4.5K
Skeletal muscle relaxants can target the central nervous system [CNS] to reduce muscle tension or act directly at the neuromuscular junction to induce temporary paralysis. These two classes of muscle relaxants are called centrally acting muscle relaxants and peripherally acting muscle relaxants. They differ in their action, mechanism, administration route, and clinical uses.
Centrally acting muscle relaxants can be further divided into spasmolytic and antispasmodic drugs. Spasmolytic...
4.5K
Non-Verbal Cues01:29

Non-Verbal Cues

332
Non-verbal communication extends beyond gestures and facial expressions to include vocal elements known as paralanguage. Paralanguage consists of non-verbal vocal cues such as pitch, loudness, speech rate, pauses, and non-verbal vocalizations like laughter, sighs, and moans. These elements not only accompany speech but also provide critical emotional and contextual information.The Role of Paralanguage in CommunicationParalanguage adds depth to spoken language by conveying emotions and...
332
The Central Dogma01:25

The Central Dogma

139.8K
Overview
139.8K
The Central Dogma01:20

The Central Dogma

33.8K
The central dogma explains the flow of genetic information from DNA nucleotides to the amino acid sequence of proteins.
RNA is the Missing Link Between DNA and Proteins
In the early 1900s, scientists discovered that DNA stores all the information needed for cellular functions and that proteins perform most of these functions. However, the mechanisms of converting genetic information into functional proteins remained unknown for many years. Initially, it was believed that a single gene is...
33.8K
Measures of Central Tendency02:16

Measures of Central Tendency

21.1K
The "center" of a data set is also a way of describing location. The two most widely used measures of the "center" of the data are the mean (average) and the median. The words "mean" and "average" are often used interchangeably. The substitution of one word for the other is common practice. The technical term is "arithmetic mean" and "average" is technically a center location. However, in practice among non-statisticians,...
21.1K
What is Central Tendency?01:14

What is Central Tendency?

17.5K
Descriptive statistics describe or summarize relevant characteristics of a sample and aid in the analysis of data of interest. When analyzing large quantities of data and developing an inference, one needs to identify a value representative of the entire data set. Characteristics such as central tendency, extreme values, range of measurements, or the most repeated value can help better understand the data.
The central tendency is the most conventionally used data characteristic. It is a...
17.5K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Embedding Responsible Fatherhood Programming in Health Behavior Research: End-of-Project Results From the FELLAS Study.

Health promotion practice·2026
Same author

Pressure Comparisons at the Clot-Catheter Interface of Tenzing-Assisted Aspiration Thrombectomy Using a Comprehensive Benchtop 3D-Printed Circle of Willis Model.

Operative neurosurgery (Hagerstown, Md.)·2026
Same author

In Search of the "Eloquent Brain": History, Science, and Future.

Neurosurgery·2026
Same author

Economic burden of human papillomavirus-related cancers in New Zealand.

BMJ public health·2026
Same author

Reconstruction of Deep Partial-Thickness Burns With Ovine Forestomach Matrix: Results From a Prospective Observational Study.

Cureus·2026
Same author

The hexosamine biosynthetic pathway alters the cytoskeleton to modulate cell proliferation and migration in aggressive prostate cancer.

Cell communication and signaling : CCS·2026
Same journal

Compatibility Effects With Simple Lever Tools: A Replication and Extension Beyond Simple Button Responses.

Human factors·2026
Same journal

Effects of Egocentric and Exocentric Supervisor Viewpoint Perspectives on Motion Plan Legibility and Decision Support in Automated Spacecraft Docking Maneuvers.

Human factors·2026
Same journal

System-Wide Trust (SWT) Versus Component-Specific Trust (CST) in Multi-Agent Human-Agent Teams: Individual Variability in Trust Bias.

Human factors·2026
Same journal

Driver Adaptation to Partially Automated Driving in Urban Environments: Effects of Repeated Exposure and System Capabilities on Drivers' Trust, Monitoring, and Response.

Human factors·2026
Same journal

Modeling Human Expertise in a Sanding Task.

Human factors·2026
Same journal

Towards Safe and Comfortable Vehicle Control Transitions: A Systematic Review of Takeover Time, Time Budget, and Takeover Outcomes.

Human factors·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 2, 2026

Using Near-Infrared Spectroscopy Wearable Devices to Identify Central Versus Peripheral Limitations During Exercise
09:33

Using Near-Infrared Spectroscopy Wearable Devices to Identify Central Versus Peripheral Limitations During Exercise

Published on: December 19, 2024

1.5K

Central and Peripheral Cues to Difficulty in a Dynamic Task.

Lisa Vangsness1, Michael Young1

  • 1Kansas State University, Manhattan, USA.

Human Factors
|November 20, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

People rely on central cues for judgments of difficulty (JODs), but often confuse task difficulty with performance feedback and time. Understanding these cues is key for decision-making.

Keywords:
dynamic environmentsjudgments of difficultymathematical modelingsubjective workloadtask difficulty

More Related Videos

Multimodal Protocol for Assessing Metacognition and Self-Regulation in Adults with Learning Difficulties
12:55

Multimodal Protocol for Assessing Metacognition and Self-Regulation in Adults with Learning Difficulties

Published on: September 27, 2020

9.1K
Development of a Gaze-Contingent Display Framework Designed for Perceptual and Oculomotor Research with Simulated Central Vision Loss
07:12

Development of a Gaze-Contingent Display Framework Designed for Perceptual and Oculomotor Research with Simulated Central Vision Loss

Published on: April 11, 2025

948

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Feb 2, 2026

Using Near-Infrared Spectroscopy Wearable Devices to Identify Central Versus Peripheral Limitations During Exercise
09:33

Using Near-Infrared Spectroscopy Wearable Devices to Identify Central Versus Peripheral Limitations During Exercise

Published on: December 19, 2024

1.5K
Multimodal Protocol for Assessing Metacognition and Self-Regulation in Adults with Learning Difficulties
12:55

Multimodal Protocol for Assessing Metacognition and Self-Regulation in Adults with Learning Difficulties

Published on: September 27, 2020

9.1K
Development of a Gaze-Contingent Display Framework Designed for Perceptual and Oculomotor Research with Simulated Central Vision Loss
07:12

Development of a Gaze-Contingent Display Framework Designed for Perceptual and Oculomotor Research with Simulated Central Vision Loss

Published on: April 11, 2025

948

Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Human-Computer Interaction
  • Decision Science

Background:

  • Traditional methods standardize workload evaluation, but subjective judgments of difficulty (JODs) are influenced by conscious and unconscious cues.
  • Understanding the interplay of various cues in JODs is crucial for accurate task assessment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the extent to which different cues inform judgments of difficulty (JODs).
  • To investigate the influence of time-on-task, performance feedback, and central difficulty cues on JODs within a video game context.

Main Methods:

  • A video game task was designed to model relationships between cues and JODs across five continuous difficulty dimensions.
  • Time-on-task, performance-based feedback, and central difficulty cues were systematically manipulated and analyzed.

Main Results:

  • Central cues were the strongest predictors of JODs, with peripheral cues (performance feedback, time-on-task) supplementing judgments, even when invalid.
  • Participants increasingly rated the task as easier over time, indicating a temporal bias in JODs.

Conclusions:

  • While central cues strongly predict task difficulty, individuals often conflate task difficulty with effort allocation, skill (performance feedback), and time-based proxies.
  • Clarifying the functional relationships between difficulty cues and JODs offers insights into human decision-making processes.