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Related Concept Videos

Infection01:20

Infection

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When a pathogen enters the body and reproduces, it can cause an infection, damage body cells, and cause illness symptoms that eventually lead to disease. Therefore, its prevention requires breaking the chain of infection.
The chain begins with pathogens: bacteria, viruses, fungi, prions, or parasites such as protozoa helminths. These can be present on the skin as transient or resident flora, or they can be acquired from the environment. Identifying and treating the type of infection and...
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Stages of Infection01:26

Stages of Infection

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Stages of infection describe what happens to a susceptible host once a pathogen invades the human body. The stages of infection are incubation, prodromal, illness, stage of decline, and convalescence. The incubation stage is the period from exposure to a pathogen until symptoms start. The infected person is unaware of impending illness as the pathogens grow and multiply within the body. The duration may vary depending on the type of infection. The incubation period of measles averages ten to...
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Defense Mechanism Against Infection01:26

Defense Mechanism Against Infection

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Natural flora, body system defenses, and inflammation are natural barriers of the body against infectious agents regardless of previous exposure. Normal floras of the human body refer to the microbial population that colonizes the skin and mucous membranes.
In addition, many body organ systems have unique defenses against infection. The skin is an intact, multilayered surface preventing invasion by microorganisms unless impaired. Mucous membranes lining the mouth, nose, and eyelids are barriers...
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Sexually Transmitted Infections01:26

Sexually Transmitted Infections

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Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are diseases transmitted primarily through unsafe sexual interactions. Bacteria, viruses, or parasites cause them and can result in severe health complications if untreated.ChlamydiaThe bacterium Chlamydia trachomatis is responsible for the disease Chlamydia, the most common STI in the United States. This peculiar pathogen requires human cells to reproduce, residing intracellularly. The initial infection often goes unnoticed because it typically does not...
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Factors Affecting the Risk of Infection01:26

Factors Affecting the Risk of Infection

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The hosts' susceptibility to infection depends on several factors. The integrity of the skin and mucous membranes helps protect the body against microbial attacks. When the skin is altered, the chance of infection, limb loss, and even death increases.
The integrity and count of the white blood cells help the body resist pathogens and fight infection. When impaired, it reduces the body's resistance to pathogens. The acidic pH levels of the gastrointestinal, genitourinary tracts, and skin...
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Healthcare Associated Infections II: Preventive Measures01:22

Healthcare Associated Infections II: Preventive Measures

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Essential infection prevention measures are based on the knowledge of the infection chain, the modes of transmission in healthcare settings, and the use of the best practices in all healthcare settings. Compulsory public reporting of healthcare-associated infection rates is needed to allow individuals and the community to make informed choices regarding selecting a healthcare facility.
The best practices for preventing healthcare-associated infections include hand hygiene, patient risk...
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Supervised Machine Learning for Semi-Quantification of Extracellular DNA in Glomerulonephritis
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Supervised Machine Learning for Semi-Quantification of Extracellular DNA in Glomerulonephritis

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Infection-Related Glomerulonephritis.

Elizabeth A K Hunt1, Michael J G Somers2

  • 1Division of Pediatric Nephrology, University of Vermont Children's Hospital, Larner College of Medicine, UVM Medical Center, 111 Colchester Avenue, Smith 5, Burlington, VT 05405, USA.

Pediatric Clinics of North America
|November 21, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Acute postinfectious glomerulonephritis, often caused by streptococcal infections, presents a wide clinical spectrum. This condition can range from mild hematuria to severe kidney injury requiring dialysis.

Keywords:
EndocarditisGlomerulonephritisHepatitisPostinfectiousPoststreptococcalShunt

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Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Pathology

Background:

  • Acute postinfectious glomerulonephritis (APIGN) is a kidney disease often triggered by infections.
  • Group A beta-hemolytic streptococcal infection is the most common cause of APIGN.
  • Other pathogens like Staphylococcus aureus and viruses (Hepatitis B, C) can also cause glomerulonephritis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To discuss the causes, clinical presentation, and pathology of acute postinfectious glomerulonephritis.
  • To highlight the spectrum of kidney injury associated with various infections.
  • To emphasize the role of streptococcal infections as a primary cause.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of postinfectious glomerulonephritis.
  • Discussion of clinical case presentations and pathological findings.
  • Analysis of etiological agents and their association with renal pathology.

Main Results:

  • Streptococcal infections are the leading cause of APIGN.
  • Clinical manifestations range from asymptomatic microscopic hematuria to rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis with acute kidney injury.
  • Infections associated with endocarditis, shunts, and hepatitis B/C are significant contributors to renal pathology.

Conclusions:

  • APIGN is a significant cause of kidney disease following infections.
  • Prompt diagnosis and management are crucial for favorable outcomes.
  • Understanding the diverse etiologies is key to effective treatment strategies.