Pathogenesis of Alcoholic Liver Disease: An Update
Themistoklis Kourkoumpetis1, Gagan Sood2
1Department of Gastroenterology, Baylor College of Medicine, 6620 Main Street, Suite 1450, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
Abstract:
Apart from the classic knowledge that ethanol mediates its hepatotoxicity through its metabolism to acetaldehyde, a well-known hepatotoxic molecule, recent research has elucidated several key mechanisms that potentiate ethanol's damage to the liver parenchyma, such as generation of free radicals, activation of Kupffer cells, and alterations to the human bacterial and fungal microbiome. Genetic studies have suggested the role of PNPLA3 and TM6SF2 gene mutations in the progression of alcoholic liver disease.
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