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Tuberculosis - Present Medication and Therapeutic Prospects
Anna Jelińska1, Marianna Zając1, Adrianna Dadej1
1Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Poznan University of Medicinal Sciences, Grunwaldzka Str. 6, 60-780, Poznan, Poland.
Current Medicinal Chemistry
|November 21, 2018
Summary
Tuberculosis remains a leading cause of death globally. This review details anti-tuberculosis drugs, their mechanisms, and new regimens to combat drug resistance and improve treatment outcomes.
Area of Science:
- Microbiology
- Pharmacology
- Public Health
Background:
- Tuberculosis (TB) is a historically significant and persistent global infectious disease.
- Mycobacteria cause TB, a leading cause of death worldwide.
- Key milestones in TB management include bacillus isolation (1882), diagnosis (1883), international cooperation (1902), vaccination (1921), and DOTS (1993).
Purpose of the Study:
- To provide a comprehensive overview of anti-tuberculosis drugs.
- To discuss drug mechanisms, structures, metabolism, and adverse effects.
- To present current and emerging treatment regimens for TB, including multidrug-resistant strains.
Main Methods:
- A systematic literature search of bibliographic databases was conducted.
- Peer-reviewed research articles were selected based on focused review questions and inclusion criteria.
- Standardized tools assessed the quality of included studies.
Main Results:
- 112 papers, including original research and reviews, were included.
- The review categorizes anti-TB drugs by mechanism of action.
- Information on drug chemistry, metabolism, side effects, and novel therapies in clinical trials is presented.
Conclusions:
- TB remains a top ten cause of death despite a 22% fatality rate decrease (2000-2015).
- Increasing drug resistance and lengthy, costly treatments necessitate new therapeutic strategies.
- Development of effective drugs and regimens is crucial for treating multidrug-resistant tuberculosis.
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