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Early Indices of Reduced Cochlear Function in Young Adults with Type-1 Diabetes Revealed by DPOAE Fine Structure
Christopher Spankovich1, Glenis R Long2, Linda J Hood3
1Department of Otolaryngology and Communicative Sciences, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS.
Background:
The relationship between type-1 diabetes mellitus (DM) and cochlear dysfunction remains inconclusive.
Purpose:
The purpose of this study was to examine otoacoustic emissions (OAEs) in normal-hearing young adults with type-1 DM as compared with matched controls and identify potential covariates influencing OAE findings.
Research Design:
Cross-sectional study.
Study Sample:
N = 40 young adults aged 18-28 years including individuals with type-1 DM (n = 20) and age-gender matched controls (n = 20) with normal hearing sensitivity.
Data Collection And Analysis:
Measures of pure-tone threshold sensitivity and OAEs, including distortion product otoacoustic emissions (DPOAEs), transient evoked OAEs, and DPOAE fine structure, were compared between groups. Covariates such as noise exposure and DM-related factors (e.g., duration of disease, glycated hemoglobin levels) were considered. Statistical analysis included analysis of variance and linear regression.
Results:
Measures of hearing sensitivity and auditory function in both groups were comparable for all assays, except DPOAE fine structure. A reduced number of fine structure peaks and component amplitudes were found in the type-1 diabetes DM group with the primary difference in the reflection component.
Conclusions:
The results indicate that reduced cochlear function in young adults with type-1 DM can be revealed using DPOAE fine structure, suggesting potential clinical applications of DPOAE fine structure in early identification of cochlear pathology. Potential factors underlying these findings are discussed.
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