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All radioactive nuclides emit high-energy particles or electromagnetic waves. When this radiation encounters living cells, it can cause heating, break chemical bonds, or ionize molecules. The most serious biological damage results when these radioactive emissions fragment or ionize molecules. For example, α and β particles emitted from nuclear decay reactions possess much higher energies than ordinary chemical bond energies. When these particles strike and penetrate matter, they...
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The average temperature of Earth is the subject of much current discussion. Earth is in radiative contact with both the Sun and dark space; it receives almost all its energy from the radiation of the Sun and reflects some of it into outer space. Dark space is very cold, about 3 K, so Earth radiates energy into it. For instance, heat transfer occurs from soil and grasses, the rate of which can be so rapid that frost can occur on clear summer evenings, even in warm latitudes.
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San Francisco's Golden Gate Bridge is exposed to temperatures ranging from -15 °C to 40 °C. At its coldest, the main span of the bridge is 1275 m long. Assuming that the bridge is made entirely of steel, what is the change in its length between these temperatures?
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Why not use thermal radiation for nanothermometry?

Liselotte Jauffred

    Applied Optics
    |November 22, 2018
    PubMed
    Summary

    Accurate nanoscale temperature measurement is crucial for many fields. This study explores using Planck

    Area of Science:

    • Physics
    • Nanotechnology
    • Thermodynamics

    Background:

    • Nanoscale thermometry is an emerging field with significant applications.
    • Existing nanothermometry techniques face limitations like low sensitivity and fluorescence instability.
    • An ideal nanothermometer requires accuracy, wide applicability, and fast measurement times.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the potential of Planck's law for accurate nanothermometry.
    • To address the limitations of current nanoscale temperature measurement methods.

    Main Methods:

    • Exploration of Planck's law relating absolute temperature to thermal spectrum.
    • Analysis of the suitability of thermal radiation spectroscopy for nanothermometry.

    Main Results:

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    • Planck's law provides a theoretical basis for temperature-spectrum correlation.
    • Thermal radiation spectroscopy is currently unsuitable for far-field nanothermometry due to power loss and poor spatial resolution.

    Conclusions:

    • Planck's law offers a promising avenue for developing advanced nanothermometers.
    • Further research is needed to overcome the limitations of existing spectroscopic methods for nanoscale temperature measurements.