Related Experiment Video
Updated: Feb 2, 2026
08:33
Detection of Extravascular Trypanosoma Parasites by Fine Needle Aspiration
Published on: August 7, 2019
9.6K
Optimal needle size for thyroid fine needle aspiration cytology
Aki Tanaka1, Mitsuyoshi Hirokawa2, Miyoko Higuchi1
1Department of Clinical Laboratory, Kuma Hospital, Kobe, Japan.
Endocrine Journal
|November 23, 2018
Summary
The optimal needle size for thyroid fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) depends on nodule characteristics. While both 22 and 25-gauge needles are effective for diagnosis, 22-gauge needles are recommended for calcified nodules.
Area of Science:
- Endocrinology
- Cytopathology
- Medical Imaging
Background:
- Needle size selection for thyroid fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) varies globally.
- Western countries commonly use 25-27-gauge needles, while Japan uses larger 21-22-gauge needles.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine the optimal needle size for ultrasound-guided thyroid FNAC.
- To compare diagnostic yield, pain, and sample quality between different needle gauges.
Main Methods:
- Ultrasound-guided FNAC was performed on 200 thyroid nodules using 22-gauge and 25-gauge needles.
- Two passes were made per nodule, with needle order randomized.
- Pain, blood contamination, cellularity, and diagnostic adequacy were assessed.
Main Results:
- No statistical difference in unsatisfactory or malignancy detection rates between 22-gauge and 25-gauge needles.
- 22-gauge needles showed higher blood contamination (32.0%) than 25-gauge (17.5%).
- Initial aspirations yielded more cellular and less contaminated samples than second aspirations.
Conclusions:
- Both 22-gauge and 25-gauge needles are suitable for thyroid FNAC regarding diagnostic accuracy and pain.
- 22-gauge needles are recommended for markedly calcified nodules due to reduced bending.
- The initial aspiration is crucial for obtaining high-quality samples.
Related Concept Videos
01:15Fineness of Cement
516
The fineness of cement directly influences the rate of hydration, as the hydration begins at the surface of the cement particles. In addition to hydration, the fineness of cement is vital for various properties of concrete including workability, gypsum requirement, and long-term behavior. The fineness of cement is represented in terms of the specific surface of cement which is typically measured in square meters per kilogram, with several methods available for this determination.
Direct...
Direct...
516
01:19Fineness Modulus
1.5K
The fineness modulus (FM) of aggregate is a numerical index that measures the coarseness or fineness of the particles. It is calculated by adding the cumulative percentages of aggregate retained on each of a specified series of sieves and dividing the sum by 100.
Consider performing sieve analysis on sand through a set of ASTM sieves. The weight of aggregate retained in each sieve and pan placed at the bottom is recorded, as given in Column B of Table 1.
To determine the fineness modulus of...
Consider performing sieve analysis on sand through a set of ASTM sieves. The weight of aggregate retained in each sieve and pan placed at the bottom is recorded, as given in Column B of Table 1.
To determine the fineness modulus of...
1.5K
01:23The Thyroid Gland
7.6K
The thyroid gland is a small, butterfly-shaped gland located in the neck and covers the anterior surface of the trachea. The gland has two lateral lobes connected by a thin tissue mass called the isthmus. Internally, each lobe comprises many small spherical structures known as thyroid follicles, surrounded by a network of blood vessels.
The follicles have a central cavity lined by simple cuboidal to squamous epithelial cells called follicular cells. These cells produce the glycoprotein...
The follicles have a central cavity lined by simple cuboidal to squamous epithelial cells called follicular cells. These cells produce the glycoprotein...
7.6K
01:18Functions of Thyroid Hormones
5.6K
The thyroid hormone (TH) plays a pivotal role in the intricate orchestration of physiological processes, exerting profound effects on development, metabolism, and homeostasis throughout different life stages.
TH is indispensable for the normal development and maturation of the skeletal, muscular, and nervous systems during fetal and childhood growth. It facilitates bone mineral turnover and regulates protein synthesis in developing tissues, contributing significantly to overall growth and...
TH is indispensable for the normal development and maturation of the skeletal, muscular, and nervous systems during fetal and childhood growth. It facilitates bone mineral turnover and regulates protein synthesis in developing tissues, contributing significantly to overall growth and...
5.6K
01:22Cell Size
127.3K
Cell sizes vary widely among and within organisms. Bacterial cells range between 1-10 micrometers (μm)and are considerably smaller than most eukaryotic cells. The smallest bacteria are 0.1 μm in diameter—about a thousand times smaller than eukaryotic cells, which typically range from 10-100 μm.
Surface Area
Cells can take in nutrients and water via diffusion through the plasma membrane itself or through specific channels in the membrane. The area of the membrane surrounding...
Surface Area
Cells can take in nutrients and water via diffusion through the plasma membrane itself or through specific channels in the membrane. The area of the membrane surrounding...
127.3K
00:48Optimal Foraging
13.8K
How animals obtain and eat their food is called foraging behavior. Foraging can include searching for plants and hunting for prey and depends on the species and environment.
13.8K