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Updated: Feb 2, 2026

Metacarpal Small Incision for Carpal Tunnel Syndrome
Published on: April 5, 2024
Ultrasound, Clinical, and Electrophysiological Findings in Persistent Carpal Tunnel Syndrome
Antonios Kerasnoudis1,2, Georgios Barmpalios3, Panagiota Ntasiou1
1Department of Neurology, St. Luke's Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece.
Background And Purpose:
We present the clinical, electrophysiological, and nerve ultrasound findings in cases of persistent carpal tunnel syndrome (PCTS).
Methods:
Eighteen PCTS patients underwent evaluation with the Boston Carpal Tunnel Syndrome Questionnaire (BCTSQ), electrophysiology, and nerve ultrasound with a mean of 3.5 months (SD ± 1.4) after open surgery.
Results:
PCTS patients showed a mean symptom severity scale score of 3.1 (SD ± 1.1) and functional severity scale score of 3.2 (SD ± 0.9) in BCTSQ. Nerve conduction studies revealed axonal affection of the median nerve in 13/18 patients, ultrasound showed disturbed echogenicity in all patients, a pathological wrist to forearm ratio in 16/18 patients, and cross-sectional area enlargement of the median nerve at the distal wrist crease in 12/18 patients. Ultrasound documented scar tissue formation (in 12/18 patients), incomplete release of retinaculum flexorum (in 4/18 patients), and neuroma of the median nerve (in 2/18 patients) as PCTS cause.
Conclusion:
Our data show significant functional disability, axonal nerve damage, and scar tissue formation as common PCTS causes.
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