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Inflammation-Accelerated Senescence and the Cardiovascular System: Mechanisms and Perspectives

Rita Del Pinto1, Claudio Ferri2

  • 1Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, Division of Internal Medicine and Nephrology, University of L'Aquila, 67100 L'Aquila, Italy. ritadelpinto@gmail.com.

International Journal of Molecular Sciences
|November 25, 2018
PubMed

Insights

Aging impairs the immune system, promoting chronic inflammation and cardiovascular diseases (CVD). This review explores immune dysfunction in aging and strategies to combat accelerated cardiovascular aging.

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Gerontology
  • Cardiovascular Medicine

Background:

  • Low-grade chronic inflammation is central to atherogenesis and age-related diseases.
  • Immune system impairment with senescence exacerbates acute and chronic conditions.
  • Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are a major cause of mortality in older adults.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the causes and effects of immune dysfunction in aging, focusing on the cardiovascular system.
  • To explore current and future strategies for counteracting accelerated cardiovascular aging.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on immunology, senescence, and cardiovascular disease.
  • Analysis of inflammation-associated mechanisms in CVD development.
  • Examination of therapeutic interventions for age-related cardiovascular decline.

Main Results:

  • Senescence leads to immune system dysfunction, increasing susceptibility to age-related diseases, particularly CVD.
  • Dysregulated redox/metabolic pathways, genetics, and infections contribute to inflammation-driven CVD.
  • Multiple strategies show promise in mitigating accelerated cardiovascular aging.

Conclusions:

  • Immune system dysfunction in aging significantly impacts cardiovascular health.
  • Targeting inflammation and employing lifestyle or pharmacological interventions can counteract accelerated CV aging.
  • Further research into senolytics, senescence modulators, and DNA-targeting drugs is warranted.

Keywords:
agingcardiovascular diseasedietinflammationlongevity genesmolecular mechanismsnutraceuticals

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