Results of treatment of 71 patients, suffering an acute idiopathic deep veins thrombo' sis (DVT) of lower extremities,were analyzed. In 32 (45.1%) patients rivaroxaban was applied, in 39 (54.9%) — varfarin. The term of anticoagulant therapy was determined in accordance to the D—dimers level. Recurrence of the DVT, of massive hemorrhage or pulmonary thromboembolism in the follow—up groups were absent. In 29 (74.4%) patientsa constant dose of varfarin was lined up during minimal recommended period. For reduction of the DVT occurrence risk a rivaroxaban may serve as an alternative to varfarin.