Training Quantification and Periodization during Live High Train High at 2100 M in Elite Runners: An Observational...

Area of Science:

• Sports Science
• Exercise Physiology
• Altitude Training Research

Background:

• The efficacy of Live High Train High (LHTH) altitude training is debated due to limited training quantification in prior studies.
• Elite runners often use LHTH before key competitions, but optimal training load periodization remains unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

• To quantify the training load (TL) periodization in elite runners undergoing LHTH immediately preceding competition.
• To assess physiological changes (hemoglobin mass, running economy) and performance outcomes following LHTH.

Main Methods:

• Eight elite runners (V̇O_2peak 70 ± 4 mL·kg^-1·min^-1) underwent 4 weeks sea-level training followed by 3-4 weeks LHTH.
• Training load (TL) was quantified using the session rating of perceived exertion (sRPE) method.
• Performance, hemoglobin mass (Hb_mass), and running economy (RE) were assessed pre- and post-LHTH.

Main Results:

• Weekly TL increased by 75% in the first 2 weeks at altitude, then decreased by 43% in the final week.
• The ratio of weekly TL to training volume increased by 17% at altitude.
• Hemoglobin mass increased by 5%, and seven athletes achieved personal best performances within 8 days post-altitude.

Conclusions:

• Specific training periodization, including initial load increases and subsequent tapering during LHTH, was observed in elite runners.
• This periodization strategy, coupled with physiological adaptations, correlated with improved performance and personal bests.
• Individualized periodization aligned with competition timing is crucial for optimizing LHTH benefits.