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Peripheral artery disease (PAD) predominantly results from atherosclerosis, which involves the accumulation of fatty deposits, or plaques, within the walls of arteries. This causes them to narrow and harden, significantly reducing blood flow. PAD predominantly affects the legs, particularly the arteries supplying the thighs and calves. In rare cases, it may involve other arteries, including those in the arms.Etiology of PAD:The principal cause of PAD is atherosclerosis, which results from fatty...
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During the postoperative period, it is crucial to focus on maintaining circulation, identifying and managing potential complications, and planning for discharge.Nursing AssessmentVital signs monitoring: Regularly monitor vital signs, including blood pressure, heart rate, respiratory rate, and temperature, to detect early signs of complications such as bleeding and infection.Circulation assessment: Monitor pulses, perform Doppler assessments, and check capillary refill, color, temperature, and...
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The Muscle Cuff Regenerative Peripheral Nerve Interface for the Amplification of Intact Peripheral Nerve Signals
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Peripheral nerve disease.

Gita Ramdharry1

  • 1Faculty of Health, Social Care and Education, Kingston University and Queen Square MRC Centre for Neuromuscular Diseases, National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom.

Handbook of Clinical Neurology
|November 29, 2018
PubMed
Summary

Polyneuropathies, common nerve disorders, cause balance and gait issues. Rehabilitation through exercise and new sensory feedback devices can improve function and reduce fall risk.

Keywords:
Charcot-Marie-Tooth diseaseaxonal transportbalance trainingdemyelinationdiabetic neuropathyexerciseinflammatory neuropathymotor impairmentorthoticspolyneuropathysensory impairmentvibratory feedback

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Rehabilitation Medicine

Background:

  • Polyneuropathies are common neurologic disorders affecting peripheral nerves, with diverse causes including genetic, metabolic, autoimmune, infectious, toxic, and malignant factors.
  • These conditions frequently lead to motor and sensory impairments, resulting in altered balance and gait, and an increased risk of falls.
  • Diabetic neuropathy, the most prevalent cause, significantly impacts balance and walking, with both sensory and motor contributions now recognized.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the impact of polyneuropathies on balance and gait.
  • To review current and emerging rehabilitation strategies for improving functional outcomes.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on polyneuropathies, focusing on balance, gait, and rehabilitation.
  • Analysis of the roles of sensory and motor impairments in gait alterations.
  • Evaluation of exercise and orthotic interventions, including novel sensory feedback devices.

Main Results:

  • Motor impairment is a significant contributor to gait pattern alterations in polyneuropathies.
  • Exercise effectively enhances muscle strength and postural responses, leading to improved balance and walking.
  • Orthotic interventions and new sensory feedback devices show promise in managing weakness and sensory deficits.

Conclusions:

  • Polyneuropathies significantly affect balance and gait, with both sensory and motor deficits playing crucial roles.
  • Exercise and innovative orthotic/sensory feedback interventions offer effective rehabilitation strategies for improving mobility and reducing fall risk in affected individuals.