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Neuromuscular adaptations in shoulder function and dysfunction.

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|November 29, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Understanding neuromuscular activity patterns is key for sports and exercise. Positive adaptations enhance performance and prevent injury, while negative ones can lead to issues, especially in the shoulder joint.

Keywords:
exerciserotator cuffscapulastabilization

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Area of Science:

  • Neuromuscular physiology
  • Sports science
  • Exercise science

Background:

  • Neuromuscular activity, organized into coordinated patterns, underpins task-specific functions in sports and exercise.
  • These patterns involve activation/inhibition, co-activation, concentric/eccentric actions, proximal-to-distal sequencing, plyometric activity, and preactivation stiffness.
  • Neuromuscular architecture is influenced by adaptations to functional demands, leading to either positive or negative outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore positive and negative neuromuscular adaptations.
  • To provide examples focusing on shoulder joint function.
  • To offer guidelines for clinical evaluation, injury treatment, and training/conditioning based on neuromuscular activation.

Main Methods:

  • Review of neuromuscular activity patterns in sports and exercise.
  • Analysis of positive and negative adaptations to functional demands.
  • Case examples focusing on shoulder joint function.

Main Results:

  • Positive neuromuscular adaptations enhance task efficiency, reduce energy expenditure, maximize force, and protect joints.
  • Negative maladaptations decrease task efficiency, increase energy expenditure, and are linked to injury symptoms.
  • Understanding these adaptations is crucial for effective training and clinical management.

Conclusions:

  • Neuromuscular adaptations significantly impact performance and injury risk.
  • Specific training and conditioning can promote positive adaptations.
  • Clinical evaluation and treatment should consider neuromuscular activation patterns, particularly for shoulder injuries.