Vascular malformation of the sphenoid and temporal bone: A diagnostic dilemma

Area of Science:

• Radiology
• Vascular Surgery
• Otolaryngology

Background:

• Vascular malformations (VaMs) in the head and neck are uncommon.
• They typically occur in the mandible and maxilla, making sphenoid and temporal bone involvement rare.

Observation:

• A unique case of a vascular anomaly involving the sphenoid and temporal bones is presented.
• The anomaly manifested as an expandable temporal mass, influenced by patient positioning.
• Characteristic osseous changes were observed on imaging.

Findings:

• The case highlights the importance of recognizing specific radiological features of VaMs in the sphenoid and temporal bones.
• Differential diagnoses considered included multiple myeloma, fibrous dysplasia, Paget's disease, lymphoma, and meningoencephalocele.
• This specific VaM presented distinct imaging findings differentiating it from other pathologies.

Implications:

• Accurate diagnosis of these rare vascular anomalies is crucial for appropriate management.
• Understanding the radiological nuances aids in distinguishing VaMs from other bone lesions.
• This case expands the known anatomical distribution of head and neck vascular malformations.