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Burn sepsis.

M C Robson1

  • 1Division of Plastic Surgery, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston.

Critical Care Clinics
|April 1, 1988
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Burn wound sepsis arises from bacterial imbalance, compromising the skin barrier and host defenses. This leads to opportunistic infections, with pathogens evolving resistance to treatments.

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Area of Science:

  • Burn wound infections
  • Sepsis pathophysiology
  • Microbial ecology in wounds

Background:

  • Burn injuries destroy the epithelial barrier, creating entry points for bacteria.
  • Host defenses, including inflammation and neutrophils, are impaired in burn wounds.
  • Factors like avascularity, necrotic tissue, and altered nutrition exacerbate susceptibility.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the multifactorial causes of sepsis in burn patients.
  • To highlight the critical role of the burn wound as a unique source of infection.
  • To emphasize the dynamic interplay between host defenses and microbial proliferation in burn wounds.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on burn wound sepsis.
  • Analysis of host defense mechanisms in the context of thermal injury.

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  • Quantitative assessment of bacterial load in burn wounds.

    • Main Results:

    • Burn wounds facilitate bacterial proliferation, leading to infection when exceeding 10^5 bacteria per gram of tissue.
    • Impaired local and systemic host defenses contribute to the development of burn wound sepsis.
    • Opportunistic pathogens, initially nonpathogenic, emerge as resistant 'killers' due to therapeutic pressures.

    Conclusions:

    • Burn wound sepsis is a complex condition driven by compromised host defenses and bacterial overgrowth.
    • The burn wound environment promotes the emergence of antibiotic-resistant organisms.
    • Understanding microbial dynamics is crucial for effective management of burn wound infections.